Journal of Crystal Growth, Vol.410, 7-13, 2015
The effect of ferrocyanide ions on sodium chloride crystallization in salt mixtures
The use of crystallization inhibitors has been proposed as a potential preventive treatment method against damage and is extensively tested for crystallization of single salts. However, in practice salt mixtures are present. Therefore, before using inhibitors in practice there is a strong need to explore their effect on salt mixtures. In this research, we studied the effect of let rocyanide ions (IFe(CN)(6)](4-)) on NaCI crystallization in single salt and in salt mixtures of NaCI-KCI and NaCI-LiCI. A series of micro droplet drying experiments were undertaken. Time lapse microscopy of the crystallization was performed along with NMR measurements of hydrogen, sodium and lithium ions. This gives the possibility to visualize the drying of the droplet while simultaneously obtaining information of both NaCI and LiCl concentration in the droplet. For a NaCI solution droplet, in the presence of inhibitor, a significantly higher supersaturation prior to the onset of crystallization and a change in crystal morphology were observed. On the other hand, for salt mixtures, lower supersaturation compared to single salt and clendritic crystal morphology was seen in the presence of inhibitor. In a porous material, such a type of morphology can promote the formation of efflorescence that causes only little structural damage. (C) 2014 Elsevier By. All rights reserved,