Doping nanocarbon with heteroatoms provides an attractive way to tune their intrinsic properties effectively and exploits advanced applications. We adopted a simple, one-step solvothermal method with sulfonitric mixture acids to prepare the nitrogen-doped fluorescent graphene-like materials with oxygen/nitrogen functional groups. Fluorescent graphene-like materials, which employed graphite, graphene oxide and glassy carbon as precursors, have good photostability. The chemical components and the degree of defects of on the surface of fluorescent materials were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectra, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images indicate that we have prepared graphene-like materials with obviously different morphology. Notably, fluorescent graphite and fluorescent glass carbon have similar fluorescence properties with different morphology.