In this paper, Mn3O4/carbonated bacterial cellulose (Mn3O4/CBC) hybrid materials were fabricated via a one-step strategy under hydrothermal conditions. CBC can effectively prevent the aggregation of ultrafine Mn3O4 nanoparticles during the preparation process. The hybrid materials have exhibited an excellent catalytic performance on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). The decomposition temperature of AP can be decreased to 293.6 degrees C and only one exothermic peak was observed, rather than two peaks in reported literature. The superior performance can be attributed to the better thermal transmission and synergistic effect of hybrid materials. Therefore, Mn3O4/CBC hybrid materials can have a promising application in catalytic decomposition of AP-based propellants. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.