극전환 전해 반응기를 이용한 양식 폐수 내 암모니아 제거

강기문; 김아람; 원용선; 이제근; 임준혁; Ki Moon Kang; A Ram Kim; Yong-Sun Won; Jea-Keun Lee; Jun-Heok Lim

Clean Technology, Vol.21, No.1, 45-52, March, 2015

Export Citation

극전환 전해 반응기를 이용한 양식 폐수 내 암모니아 제거

Removal of Ammonia in Aquaculture Wastewater by Electrolysis with Switching Poles

강기문, 김아람¹, 원용선¹, 이제근², 임준혁 ^{1, †}

세메스(주), 331-814 충청남도 천안시 서북구 직산읍 4산단 5길 77
¹부경대학교 화학공학과, 608-739 부산광역시 남구 신선로 365
²부경대학교 환경공학과, 608-737 부산광역시 남구 용소로 45

Ki Moon Kang, A Ram Kim¹, Yong-Sun Won¹, Jea-Keun Lee², and Jun-Heok Lim^{1, †}

SEMES, Co. Ltd., 77, 4-sandan 5-gil, Jisan-eup, seobuk gu, Cheonan, Chungnam 331-814, Korea
¹Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyoung National University, 365 Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 608-739, Korea
²Department of Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 608-737, Korea

E-mail:

초록

본 연구에서는 양식 폐수 중 암모니아를 제거하는 전기분해 공정에 극전환을 도입하여 전극 표면에 불용성 금속화합물이 형성되는 오염 현상을 방지하고자 하였다. 한편 극전환으로 인한 전류 손실이 유리염소 이온의 생성에 미치는 영향을 파악함으로서 최적의 극전환 주기를 찾고자 하였다. 먼저 극전환 주기가 짧아지면서 전류손실로 인해 유리염소 이온의 형성 효율이 떨어지는 것을 확인하였으며 이는 암모니아 제거 효율이 감소함을 의미한다. 이에 극전환 주기에 따른 폐수 중의 칼슘과 마그네슘의 농도를 측정해 본 결과 극전환 주기를 60초 이하로 유지하면 극전환에 의한 불용성 금속화합물의 분해를 통해 전극 표면의 오염 현상을 충분한 수준에서 방지할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 높은 유리염소 이온의 생성효율 유지와 전극 오염 방지라는 두 가지 운전목적 사이에서 최적의 극전환 주기는 60초이었다.

We have introduced switching poles in the conventional electrolysis for the removal of ammonia in aquaculture wastewater to prevent the fouling on the electrode surface by the deposition of insoluble metallic compounds. We have also tried to locate the optimal period of switching poles considering the effect of the current loss during switching poles on the free chlorine generation. First, we have observed the decrease of free chlorine generation with the decrease of the period of switching poles due to the expected current loss, and this would lead to the decrease of ammonia removal efficiency. Meanwhile, the measurement of calcium and magnesium concentration in wastewater vs. the period of switching poles have demonstrated that a properly low level of fouling on the electrode surface could be retained with a period of switching poles of less than 60 sec by the decomposition of metallic compounds during switching poles. In a summary, we have optimized the period of switching poles to gain a high level of free chlorine generation and a high level of fouling prevention on the electrode at the same time.

Keywords:Switching poles;Electrolysis;Free chlorine;Ammonia

[References]

Vijayaraghavan K, Ramanujam TK, Balasubramanian N, Environ. Eng., 9, 887 (1998)
Czarnetzki LR, Janssen LJ, J. Applide Electrochem., 22, 315 (1992)
Czarnetzki LR, Janssen LJ, J. Applide Electrochem., 22, 315 (1992)
Ching LC, Chang JE, Tseng SC, Water Res., 29, 671 (1995)
Yun CJ, Heo CD, Kim SW, Kim IS, Park SC, Environ. Eng. Res., 21, 1171 (1999)
Lee BH, Lee JK, Gil DS, Kawk SY, J. Aquac., 10, 435 (1997)
Lin SH, Wu CL, J. Environ. Sci. Health A, 32, 2125 (1997)
Lin SH, Wu CL, Water Res., 30, 715 (1996)
Mendia L, Water Sci. Technol., 14, 331 (1982)
APHA, “Examination of Water and Wastewater,” 20th, Standard Method.
Wei IW, Morris JC, “Chlorine-ammonia Breakpoint Reactions Model Mechanism and Computer Simulation,” Presented to the 157th National Meeting, American Chemical Society, Minneapolis, pp. 13-18 (1969)
Montgomery JM, Water Treatment Principled and Design, Chap. 12, John Wiley Inc., New York (1985)
Andrzej B, Ind. Waste Conference Proc., 35, 541 (1980)
Kirk DW, Sharifan H, Foulkers FR, J. Appl. Electrochem., 15, 285 (1985)
Lee SY, Lee HK, Hyundai Eng. Construction Tech. Laboratory, ‘97 Abstract Tech. Res., 5, 277 (1998)
White GR, The handbook of chlorination. 3nd Ed, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, pp. 196-205 (1992)
Baker RJ, Barg RH, Carroll LJ, Faber HA, Flentje ME, Hudson HE, Kjellman RE, Kowalski WS, Lanbusch EJ, Loiselle DW, Roberts CV, AWWA, Colorado, 11 (1973)
Katsounaros I, Ipsakis D, Polatides C, Kyriacou G, Electrochimica Acta, 3, 1329 (2006)

[Related Articles]

[1] Vijayaraghavan K, Ramanujam TK, Balasubramanian N, Environ. Eng., 9, 887 (1998)

[2] Czarnetzki LR, Janssen LJ, J. Applide Electrochem., 22, 315 (1992)

[3] Czarnetzki LR, Janssen LJ, J. Applide Electrochem., 22, 315 (1992)

[4] Ching LC, Chang JE, Tseng SC, Water Res., 29, 671 (1995)

[5] Yun CJ, Heo CD, Kim SW, Kim IS, Park SC, Environ. Eng. Res., 21, 1171 (1999)

[6] Lee BH, Lee JK, Gil DS, Kawk SY, J. Aquac., 10, 435 (1997)

[7] Lin SH, Wu CL, J. Environ. Sci. Health A, 32, 2125 (1997)

[8] Lin SH, Wu CL, Water Res., 30, 715 (1996)

[9] Mendia L, Water Sci. Technol., 14, 331 (1982)

[10] APHA, “Examination of Water and Wastewater,” 20th, Standard Method.

[11] Wei IW, Morris JC, “Chlorine-ammonia Breakpoint Reactions Model Mechanism and Computer Simulation,” Presented to the 157th National Meeting, American Chemical Society, Minneapolis, pp. 13-18 (1969)

[12] Montgomery JM, Water Treatment Principled and Design, Chap. 12, John Wiley Inc., New York (1985)

[13] Andrzej B, Ind. Waste Conference Proc., 35, 541 (1980)

[14] Kirk DW, Sharifan H, Foulkers FR, J. Appl. Electrochem., 15, 285 (1985)

[15] Lee SY, Lee HK, Hyundai Eng. Construction Tech. Laboratory, ‘97 Abstract Tech. Res., 5, 277 (1998)

[16] White GR, The handbook of chlorination. 3nd Ed, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., New York, pp. 196-205 (1992)

[17] Baker RJ, Barg RH, Carroll LJ, Faber HA, Flentje ME, Hudson HE, Kjellman RE, Kowalski WS, Lanbusch EJ, Loiselle DW, Roberts CV, AWWA, Colorado, 11 (1973)

[18] Katsounaros I, Ipsakis D, Polatides C, Kyriacou G, Electrochimica Acta, 3, 1329 (2006)