고분자전해질형 연료전지에서 산소극을 위한 백금-크롬-니켈 합금촉매의 전극특성

심중표; 이홍기; Joongpyo Shin; Hong-Ki Lee

Korean Journal of Materials Research, Vol.10, No.12, 831-837, December, 2000

Export Citation

고분자전해질형 연료전지에서 산소극을 위한 백금-크롬-니켈 합금촉매의 전극특성

Electrode Performance of Pt-Cr-Ni Alloy Catalysts for Oxygen Electrode in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell

심중표, 이홍기¹

환경에너지기술부, 로렌스버클리 국립연구소
¹우석대학교 화학공학과

Joongpyo Shin, and Hong-Ki Lee¹

Environmental Energy Tech. Div., Lawrence Mekeley National Lab., CA, 94720 USA, Korea
¹Department of Chmical Engineering, Woosuk University, Chonbuk 565-701, Korea

초록

고분자전해질형 연료전지에서 촉매의 활성을 증가시키기 위하여 기존에 사용되고 있는 백금과 전이금속인 chromium, nickel과의 합금을 제조하였다. XRD를 이용하여 합금의 구조가 33 ? 에서 superlattice line을 가지고 있는 것으로 보아 face centered cubic 구조를 가진 ordered alloy로 이루어졌다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 열처리 온도가 증가할수록 합금의 입자 크기는 증가하였으며, 결정 격자 상수는 감소하였다. 전지성능테스트, cyclic voltammogram 등을 통하여 mass activity, specific activity, Tafel slope, 개회로 전압을 측정한 결과, 합금촉매의 활성이 순수한 백금촉매보다 크게 향상되었음을 알 수 있었다.

To improve the catalytic activity of platinum on polymer electrolyte fuel cell(PEFC), platinum was alloyed with cobalt and nickel at various temperature. By XRD, it was observed the crystal structure of alloy catalysts were the ordered face centered cubic(f.c.c) due to the superlattice line at 33 ? . As heat-treatment temperature was increased, the particle size of alloys also were increased and the crystalline lattice parameters were decreased. According to the results from mass activity, specific activity and Tafel slope measured by cell performance test and cyclic voltammogram, the catalyst activities of alloys are higher than that pure platinum.

Keywords:fuel cell;polymer electronlyte;catalyst;platinum;nickel;alloy

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[2] Beard BC, Ross PN, J. Electrochem. Soc., 137, 3368 (1990)

[3] Jalan V, Taylor EJ, J. Electrochem. Soc., 130, 2299 (1983)

[4] Watanabe M, Tsurumi K, Mizukami T, Nakamura T, Stonehart P, J. Electrochem. Soc., 141(10), 2659 (1994)

[5] Mukerjee S, Srinivasan S, J. Electroanal. Chem., 357, 210 (1993)

[6] Gray FM, Solid Polymer Electrolytes/ VCH Publishers Inc., pp.116, 1991 (1991)

[7] Pineri M, Eisenberg A, Structure and Properties of Ionomers/ Reidel D, Publishing Company, pp.17, 1987 (1987)

[8] Colomban P, Proton conductors/ Cambridge University Press, pp.50, 1992 (1992)

[9] Ito T, Katoh K, U.S. Pat. 5,024,905/ 1991 (1991)

[10] Kcek L, Buchanan J, Hards GA, U.S. Pat. 5,068,161/ 1991 (1991)

[11] Cullity BD, Elements of X-ray Diffraction/ Addison-Welsley Publishing, 1967 (1967)

[12] Coodenough JB, Hamnett A, Electrochim. Acta., 35, 199 (1990)

[13] Ladd MFC, Palmer RA, Structure Determination by X-ray Crystallography/ Plenum, pp.131, 1993 (1993)

[14] West AR, Solid State Chemistry and Its Application/ John Wiley & Sons Inc., pp.174, 1989 (1989)

[15] 가토 마사노리, 김문집(공역), 서일환(공역), X-선회절분석/ 반도출판사, pp.254, 1993 (1993)

[16] Ross PN, J. Electrochem. Soc., 126, 67 (1979)

[17] Ross PN, Surface Sci., 102, 463 (1981)

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[19] Shim J, Yoo DY, Lee JS, Electrochim. Acta, 45(12), 1943 (2000)

[20] Gosser DK, Cyclic Voltammetry Simulation and Analysis of Reation Mechanisms/ pp.71, 1990 (1990)