Synthesis of a novel phosphorus-containing plasticizer based on castor oil and its application for flame retardancy of polyvinyl chloride

Guodong Feng; Puyou Jia; Liqiang Zhang; Lihong Hu; Meng Zhang; Yong-hong Zhou

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.32, No.6, 1201-1206, June, 2015

DOI10.1007/s11814-014-0288-8 Export Citation

Synthesis of a novel phosphorus-containing plasticizer based on castor oil and its application for flame retardancy of polyvinyl chloride

Guodong Feng¹, Puyou Jia¹, Liqiang Zhang¹, Lihong Hu^{1, 2}, Meng Zhang^{1, 2}, and Yong-hong Zhou^{1, †}

¹Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF), Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210042, China
²Institute of New Technology of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forest (CAF), Beijing 100091, China

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A novel flame-retardant plasticizer based on castor oil (FRC) was synthesized, and its potential application for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was evaluated through the study of torque during melt processing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index instrument, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and mechanical tests. The results suggested that the FRC has a plasticizing effect in blends with PVC. The addition of FRC resulted in reduction of processing torque, good compatibility, improvement in thermal stability and efficient flame retardant. Torque reduction was observed (33.6%), indicating the reduction of viscosity and the improvement of process. The increase (31.9%) of LOI value indicated that incorporation of FRC system had obviously improved the flame retardant property of PVC blends. The excellent flame retardant properties were obtained by forming an isolation layer on the surface of PVC blends in the process of FRC burning. FRC could improve the thermal ability of PVC blends by enhancing the decomposition temperature of PVC. The performance in all properties of PVC products could be obtained by controlling the formula blends. Therefore, castor oil-based flame retardant plasticizers would appear suitable for a wide range of application.

Keywords:Plasticizer;Castor Oil;Flame-retardant;PVC

[References]

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Xu Q, Yin X, Wang M, Wang H, Zhang N, Shen YY, Xu S, Zhang L, Gu Z, J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 11311 (2010)
Ioannis, Arvanitoyannis S, Konstantinos, Kotsanopoulos V, Food Bioprocess. Technol., 7, 21 (2014)
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Yumin W, Qingwei X, Chuanhui G, Ting W, Chuanxing W, Polym. Eng. Sci., DOI:10.1002/pen.23798
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Martini DS, Braga BA, Samios D, Polymer, 50, 859 (2009)
Fenollar O, Garcia-Sanoguera D, Sanchez-Nacher L, Lopez J, Balart R, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 124(3), 2550 (2012)
Ferrer CB, Garrigos MD, Jimenez A, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 95, 2207 (2010)
Mehta B, Kathalewar M, Sabnis A, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., DOI:10.1002/app.40354, 131 (2014)
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Padmasiri, Gamage K, Ahmed S, Farid, Polym. Polym. Compos., 20, 589 (2012)
Benaniba MT, Massardier-Nageotte V, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 118(6), 3499 (2010)
Lardjane N, Bensemra NB, Massardier V, J. Polym. Res., 20, 209 (2013)
Sun T, Thom R, J. Elastomer Plast., 42, 129 (2010)
Palacios OUS, Rincon PCN, Corriou CJP, Pardo MC, Fonteix C, J. Vinyl Addit Technol., 20, 65 (2014)
Sander MM, Nicolau A, Guzatto R, Samios D, Polym. Test, 31, 1077 (2012)
Zhang LQ, Zhang M, Hu LH, Zhou YH, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 98, 2748 (2013)
Zhang LQ, Zhang M, Hu LH, Zhou YH, Ind. Crop. Prod., 52, 380 (2014)
Ramesh A, Leen KH, Kumutha K, Arof AK, Acta Part A, 66, 1237 (2007)
Soudais Y, Moga L, Blazek J, Lemort F, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 78, 26 (2007)
Yao Q, Wilkie CA, J. Vinyl Addit Technol., 7, 26 (2001)
Ling LY, Chan CY, Yu CT, Polym. Int., 52, 1256 (2003)
Ling LY, Chan CY, Yu CT, Polym. Int., 52, 1256 (2003)

[Referenced By]

[1] Fierens T, Servaes K, Van Holderbeke M, Geerts L, De Henauw S, Sioen I, Vanermen G, Food Chem. Toxicol., 50, 2575 (2012)

[2] Xu Q, Yin X, Wang M, Wang H, Zhang N, Shen YY, Xu S, Zhang L, Gu Z, J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 11311 (2010)

[3] Ioannis, Arvanitoyannis S, Konstantinos, Kotsanopoulos V, Food Bioprocess. Technol., 7, 21 (2014)

[4] Coltro L, Pitta JB, Costa PA, Perez MAF, Araujo VA, Rodrigues R, Food Control., 44, 118 (2014)

[5] Marcilla A, Garia S, Quesdad JCG, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 71, 457 (2004)

[6] Latini G, Felice CD, Verrotti A, Reprod. Toxicol., 19, 27 (2004)

[7] Silva MA, Vieira MGA, Macumoto ACC, Beppu MM, Polym. Test, 30, 478 (2011)

[8] Yumin W, Qingwei X, Chuanhui G, Ting W, Chuanxing W, Polym. Eng. Sci., DOI:10.1002/pen.23798

[9] Riaz U, Vashist A, Ahmad SA, Ahmad S, Ashraf SM, Biomass Bioenerg., 34(3), 396 (2010)

[10] Martini DS, Braga BA, Samios D, Polymer, 50, 859 (2009)

[11] Fenollar O, Garcia-Sanoguera D, Sanchez-Nacher L, Lopez J, Balart R, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 124(3), 2550 (2012)

[12] Ferrer CB, Garrigos MD, Jimenez A, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 95, 2207 (2010)

[13] Mehta B, Kathalewar M, Sabnis A, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., DOI:10.1002/app.40354, 131 (2014)

[14] Mehta B, Kathalewar M, Sabnis A, Polym. Int., DOI:10.1002/pi.4641

[15] Padmasiri, Gamage K, Ahmed S, Farid, Polym. Polym. Compos., 20, 589 (2012)

[16] Benaniba MT, Massardier-Nageotte V, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 118(6), 3499 (2010)

[17] Lardjane N, Bensemra NB, Massardier V, J. Polym. Res., 20, 209 (2013)

[18] Sun T, Thom R, J. Elastomer Plast., 42, 129 (2010)

[19] Palacios OUS, Rincon PCN, Corriou CJP, Pardo MC, Fonteix C, J. Vinyl Addit Technol., 20, 65 (2014)

[20] Sander MM, Nicolau A, Guzatto R, Samios D, Polym. Test, 31, 1077 (2012)

[21] Zhang LQ, Zhang M, Hu LH, Zhou YH, Polym. Degrad. Stabil., 98, 2748 (2013)

[22] Zhang LQ, Zhang M, Hu LH, Zhou YH, Ind. Crop. Prod., 52, 380 (2014)

[23] Ramesh A, Leen KH, Kumutha K, Arof AK, Acta Part A, 66, 1237 (2007)

[24] Soudais Y, Moga L, Blazek J, Lemort F, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 78, 26 (2007)

[25] Yao Q, Wilkie CA, J. Vinyl Addit Technol., 7, 26 (2001)

[26] Ling LY, Chan CY, Yu CT, Polym. Int., 52, 1256 (2003)

[27] Ling LY, Chan CY, Yu CT, Polym. Int., 52, 1256 (2003)