Formation and speciation of haloacetic acids in seawater desalination using chlorine dioxide as disinfectant

Hye-Weon Yu; Sang-Geun Oh; In S. Kim; Ian Pepper; Shane Snyder; Am Jang

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Vol.26, 193-201, June, 2015

DOI10.1016/j.jiec.2014.10.046 Export Citation

Formation and speciation of haloacetic acids in seawater desalination using chlorine dioxide as disinfectant

Hye-Weon Yu^{1, 2}, Sang-Geun Oh³, In S. Kim³, Ian Pepper^{1, 4}, Shane Snyder², and Am Jang^{5, †}

¹Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States, USA
²Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, United States, USA
³Center for Seawater Desalination Plant, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangjum 500-712, Republic of Korea
⁴, USA
⁵School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, SungKyunKwan University, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea

E-mail:

To evaluate the formation potential of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in a SWRO system when chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is used as a chemical disinfectant, the impact of principle precursors such as natural organic matter (NOM) and bromide ion on haloacetic acids (HAAs) formation and its speciation was investigated. In the presence of high bromide levels found in seawater, the active oxidizing agents formed by the action of ClO2 can react with NOM, resulting in halogenation reactions, and the production of brominated DBPs as the predominant byproducts. Elevating the initial levels of organic substances and bromide ions not only enhanced the total content of HAA5 formed, but also shifted the speciation of HAAs from the chlorinated to fully brominated forms at higher disinfectant doses and longer contact times of ClO2 disinfection. In addition, HAA5 formation potential increased in the order of transphilic > hydrophobic > hydrophilic NOM, suggesting HAA5 yield formed during ClO2 disinfection significantly depends on the characteristics of NOM that can lead to different speciation distribution of DBPs. However, at high doses of ClO2, it was observed that the disinfectant dose plays a more important role in speciation distribution of HAA5 than the characteristics of organic precursors.

Keywords:Seawater desalination;Chlorine dioxide;Disinfection byproducts;Haloacetic acids

[References]

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Agus E, Voutchkov N, Sedlak DL, Desalination, 237(1-3), 214 (2009)
Liang L, Singer PC, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 2920 (2003)
Lewis TE, Wolfinger TF, Barta ML, Environ. Int., 30, 1119 (2004)
Cotruvo JA, in: WHO (Ed.), Nutrients in Drinking Water, WHO, Geneva, 2005.
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WHO, Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, WHO, 2011.
WHO, Safe Drinking-Water from Desalination, WHO, 2011.
Aieta EM, Berg JD, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 78, 62 (1986)
USEPA, Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants Guidance Manual, USEPA, 1999.
USEPA, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection by Products Rule, USEPA, 2006.
Hong Y, Song H, Karanfil T, Water Res., 47, 1147 (2013)
Chang CY, Hsieh YH, Lin YM, Hu PY, Liu CC, Wang KH, Chemosphere, 44, 1153 (2001)
Hua G, Reckhow DA, Water Res., 41, 1667 (2007)
Yang X, Guo W, Lee W, Chemosphere, 91, 1477 (2013)
Chang CY, Hsieh YH, Shih IC, Hsu SS, Wang KH, Chemosphere, 41, 1181 (2000)
Bellona C, Drewes JE, Xu P, Amy G, Water Res., 38, 2795 (2004)
Ogata N, Biochemistry, 46, 4898 (2007)
Croue JP, Lefebvre E, Martin B, Legube B, Water Sci. Technol., 27, 143 (1993)
Hung PVX, Oh BS, Tung BX, Oh SG, Kim KS, Kim SJ, Moon SH, Kim IS, Jang A, Desalination, 318, 72 (2013)
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Oh BS, Oh SG, Hwang YY, Yu HW, Kang JW, Kim IS, Sci. Total Environ., 408(23), 5958 (2010)
DIONEX, Determination of Haloacetic Acids in Water Using IC.ESI.MS/MS.(Application Note 217) .
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Reemtsma T, Jekel M, Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle: Properties, Occurrence, Analysis and Environmental Relevance of Polar Compounds, Wiley.VCH, Weinheim, 2006.
Gordon G, Rosenblatt A, Gaseous chlorine-free chlorine dioxide for drinking water, in: Proceedings of the 1995 Water Quality Technology Conference, American Water Works Association, Denver, 1996.
Kumar K, Margerum DW, Inorg. Chem., 26, 2706 (1987)
Dalvi AGI, Al-Rasheed R, Javeed MA, Desalination, 129(3), 261 (2000)
Westerhoff P, Chao P, Mash H, Water Res., 38, 1502 (2004)
Obolensky A, Singer PC, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 2719 (2005)
Hua G, Reckhow DA, Kim J, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 3050 (2006)
Chang CY, Hsieh YH, Hsu SS, Hu PY, Wang KH, J. Hazard. Mater., 79(1-2), 89 (2000)
Gary AL, NOM Rejection by, and Fouling of, NF and UF Membranes, American Water Works Association, Denver (2001).
Chowdhury S, Champagne P, McLellan PJ, Sci. Total Environ., 407, 4189 (2009)
Pourmoghaddas H, Stevens AA, Kinman RN, Dressman RC, Moore LA, Ireland JC, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 85, 82 (1993)
Symons JM, Krasner SW, Simms LA, Sclimenti M, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 85, 51 (1993)
Wu WW, Paul AC, J. Environ. Eng., 124, 932 (1998)
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[Referenced By]

[1] WHO, Desalination for Safe Water Supply, in: Guidance for the Health and Environmental Aspects Applicable to Desalination, WHO, 2007.

[2] Agus E, Voutchkov N, Sedlak DL, Desalination, 237(1-3), 214 (2009)

[3] Liang L, Singer PC, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 2920 (2003)

[4] Lewis TE, Wolfinger TF, Barta ML, Environ. Int., 30, 1119 (2004)

[5] Cotruvo JA, in: WHO (Ed.), Nutrients in Drinking Water, WHO, Geneva, 2005.

[6] Al-Mutaz IS, in: Goosen MFA, Shayya WH (Eds.), Water Management, Purification & Conservation in Arid Climates: Water Purification, Technomic Publishing Company, Pennsylvania, 1999.

[7] WHO, Guidelines for Drinking-Water Quality, WHO, 2011.

[8] WHO, Safe Drinking-Water from Desalination, WHO, 2011.

[9] Aieta EM, Berg JD, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 78, 62 (1986)

[10] USEPA, Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants Guidance Manual, USEPA, 1999.

[11] USEPA, National Primary Drinking Water Regulations: Stage 2 Disinfectants and Disinfection by Products Rule, USEPA, 2006.

[12] Hong Y, Song H, Karanfil T, Water Res., 47, 1147 (2013)

[13] Chang CY, Hsieh YH, Lin YM, Hu PY, Liu CC, Wang KH, Chemosphere, 44, 1153 (2001)

[14] Hua G, Reckhow DA, Water Res., 41, 1667 (2007)

[15] Yang X, Guo W, Lee W, Chemosphere, 91, 1477 (2013)

[16] Chang CY, Hsieh YH, Shih IC, Hsu SS, Wang KH, Chemosphere, 41, 1181 (2000)

[17] Bellona C, Drewes JE, Xu P, Amy G, Water Res., 38, 2795 (2004)

[18] Ogata N, Biochemistry, 46, 4898 (2007)

[19] Croue JP, Lefebvre E, Martin B, Legube B, Water Sci. Technol., 27, 143 (1993)

[20] Hung PVX, Oh BS, Tung BX, Oh SG, Kim KS, Kim SJ, Moon SH, Kim IS, Jang A, Desalination, 318, 72 (2013)

[21] Uraisin K, Takayanagi T, Oshima M, Nacapricha D, Motomizu S, Talanta, 68, 951 (2006)

[22] Oh BS, Oh SG, Hwang YY, Yu HW, Kang JW, Kim IS, Sci. Total Environ., 408(23), 5958 (2010)

[23] DIONEX, Determination of Haloacetic Acids in Water Using IC.ESI.MS/MS.(Application Note 217) .

[24] Schlesinger WH, Biogeochemistry: An Analysis of Global Changes, Academic Press, Massachusetts, 1997.

[25] Reemtsma T, Jekel M, Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle: Properties, Occurrence, Analysis and Environmental Relevance of Polar Compounds, Wiley.VCH, Weinheim, 2006.

[26] Gordon G, Rosenblatt A, Gaseous chlorine-free chlorine dioxide for drinking water, in: Proceedings of the 1995 Water Quality Technology Conference, American Water Works Association, Denver, 1996.

[27] Kumar K, Margerum DW, Inorg. Chem., 26, 2706 (1987)

[28] Dalvi AGI, Al-Rasheed R, Javeed MA, Desalination, 129(3), 261 (2000)

[29] Westerhoff P, Chao P, Mash H, Water Res., 38, 1502 (2004)

[30] Obolensky A, Singer PC, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 2719 (2005)

[31] Hua G, Reckhow DA, Kim J, Environ. Sci. Technol., 40, 3050 (2006)

[32] Chang CY, Hsieh YH, Hsu SS, Hu PY, Wang KH, J. Hazard. Mater., 79(1-2), 89 (2000)

[33] Gary AL, NOM Rejection by, and Fouling of, NF and UF Membranes, American Water Works Association, Denver (2001).

[34] Chowdhury S, Champagne P, McLellan PJ, Sci. Total Environ., 407, 4189 (2009)

[35] Pourmoghaddas H, Stevens AA, Kinman RN, Dressman RC, Moore LA, Ireland JC, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 85, 82 (1993)

[36] Symons JM, Krasner SW, Simms LA, Sclimenti M, J. Am. Water Works Assoc., 85, 51 (1993)

[37] Wu WW, Paul AC, J. Environ. Eng., 124, 932 (1998)

[38] Plewa MJ, Wagner ED, Richardson SD, Thruston AD, Woo YT, McKague AB, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38(18), 4713 (2004)

[39] Richardson SD, Thruston AD, Rav-Acha C, Groisman L, Popilevsky I, Juraev O, Glezer V, McKague AB, Plewa MJ, Wagner ED, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 3782 (2003)