Sequent spray deposition of secondary solvent for efficient polymer solar cells

Byung-Kwan Yu; Dong-Yu Kim; Jang Jo; Seok-In Na; Seok-Soon Kim; Yen-Sook Jung; Doojin Vak

Macromolecular Research, Vol.23, No.7, 696-703, July, 2015

DOI10.1007/s13233-015-3084-3 Export Citation

Sequent spray deposition of secondary solvent for efficient polymer solar cells

Byung-Kwan Yu, Dong-Yu Kim^†, Jang Jo¹, Seok-In Na², Seok-Soon Kim³, Yen-Sook Jung, and Doojin Vak⁴

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 500-712, Korea
¹LG Display Co., Ltd., Deogeun-ri, Wollong-myeon, Paju-si, Gyeonggi, 413-779, Korea
²Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics and Polymer Materials Fusion Research Center, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Korea
³School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan, Jeonbuk, 753-701, Korea
⁴Manufacturing Flagship, CSIRO, Clayton, Victoria, 3169, Australia

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The spray process is compatible with the roll-to-roll process, which has the highest productivity and the lowest costs among the developed processing techniques. In this study, we demonstrated a technique involving the spraying of a secondary solvent after the formation of an active layer, by using a spray process with a relatively lowboiling- point solution. With this technique, we obtained the much smoother surface topography and more ordered bulk heterojunction morphology through enhanced self-organization of the composite materials. Consequently, the device with additionally sprayed high-boiling-point solvent allowed to achieve fill factor (FF) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) values as high as 67% and 3.76%, respectively.

Keywords:polymer solar cells;organic solar cells;roll-to-roll process;spray process

[References]

Sariciftci NS, Smilowitz L, Heeger AJ, Wudl F, Science, 258, 1474 (1992)
Yu G, Gao J, Hummelen JC, Wudl F, Heeger AJ, Science, 270(5243), 1789 (1995)
Padinger F, Rittberger RS, Sariciftci NS, Adv. Funct. Mater., 13(1), 85 (2003)
Kim Y, Choulis SA, Nelson J, Bradley DDC, Cook S, Durrant JR, J. Mater. Sci., 40(6), 1371 (2005)
Li G, Shrotriya V, Huang JS, Yao Y, Moriarty T, Emery K, Yang Y, Nat. Mater., 4(11), 864 (2005)
Peet J, Soci C, Coffin RC, Nguyen TQ, Mikhailovsky A, Moses D, Bazan GC, Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 252105 (2006)
Moule AJ, Meerholz K, Adv. Mater., 20(2), 240 (2008)
Brabec CJ, Durrant JR, MRS Bull., 33, 670 (2008)
Shaheen SE, Radspinner R, Peyghambarian N, Jabbour GE, Appl. Phys. Lett., 79, 2996 (2001)
Kim SS, Na SI, Jo J, Tae G, Kim DY, Adv. Mater., 19(24), 4410 (2007)
Hoth CN, Choulis SA, Schilinsky P, Brabec CJ, Adv. Mater., 16, 1669 (2006)
Vak D, Kim SS, Jo J, Oh SH, Na SI, Kim J, Kim DY, Appl. Phys. Lett., 91, 081102 (2007)
Yu BK, Vak D, Jo J, Na SI, Kim SS, Kim MK, Kim DY, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 16, 1838 (2010)
Green R, Morfa A, Ferguson AJ, Kopidakis N, Rumbles G, Shaheen SE, Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 033301 (2008)
Steirer KX, Reese MO, Rupert BL, Kopidakis N, Olson DC, Collins RT, Ginley DS, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 93(4), 447 (2009)
Steirer KX, Berry JJ, Reese MO, van Hest MFAM, Miedaner A, Liberatore MW, Collins RT, Ginley DS, Thin Solid Films, 517(8), 2781 (2009)
Lim YF, Lee S, Herman DJ, Lloyd MT, Anthony JE, Malliaras GG, Appl. Phys. Lett., 93, 193301 (2008)
Tedde SF, Kern J, Sterzl T, Frst J, Lugli P, Hayden O, Nano Lett., 9, 980 (2009)
Hoth CN, Steim R, Schilinsky P, Choulis SA, Tedde SF, Hayden O, Brabec CJ, Org. Electron., 10, 587 (2009)
Park HY, Kim K, Kim DY, Choi SK, Jo SM, Jang SY, J. Mater. Chem., 21, 4457 (2011)
Masters K, Spray Drying Handbook, 5th ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1991.
Dennler G, Scharber MC, Brabec CJ, Adv. Mater., 21(13), 1323 (2009)
Li G, Yao Y, Yang H, Shrotriya V, Yang G, Yang Y, Adv. Funct. Mater., 17(10), 1636 (2007)
Mihailetchi VD, Xie H, de Boer B, Popescu LM, Hummelen JC, Blom BWM, Koster LJA, Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 012107 (2006)
Hwang K, Jung YS, Heo YJ, Scholes FH, Watkins SE, Subbiah J, Jones DJ, Kim DY, Vak D, Adv. Mater., 27(7), 1241 (2015)
Park HY, Lim D, Oh SH, Kang PH, Kwak G, Jang SY, Org. Electron., 15, 2337 (2014)
Vak D, Embden JV, Wong WWH, Watkins S, Appl. Phys. Lett., 106, 033302 (2015)

[Referenced By]

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[1] Sariciftci NS, Smilowitz L, Heeger AJ, Wudl F, Science, 258, 1474 (1992)

[2] Yu G, Gao J, Hummelen JC, Wudl F, Heeger AJ, Science, 270(5243), 1789 (1995)

[3] Padinger F, Rittberger RS, Sariciftci NS, Adv. Funct. Mater., 13(1), 85 (2003)

[4] Kim Y, Choulis SA, Nelson J, Bradley DDC, Cook S, Durrant JR, J. Mater. Sci., 40(6), 1371 (2005)

[5] Li G, Shrotriya V, Huang JS, Yao Y, Moriarty T, Emery K, Yang Y, Nat. Mater., 4(11), 864 (2005)

[6] Peet J, Soci C, Coffin RC, Nguyen TQ, Mikhailovsky A, Moses D, Bazan GC, Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 252105 (2006)

[7] Moule AJ, Meerholz K, Adv. Mater., 20(2), 240 (2008)

[8] Brabec CJ, Durrant JR, MRS Bull., 33, 670 (2008)

[9] Shaheen SE, Radspinner R, Peyghambarian N, Jabbour GE, Appl. Phys. Lett., 79, 2996 (2001)

[10] Kim SS, Na SI, Jo J, Tae G, Kim DY, Adv. Mater., 19(24), 4410 (2007)

[11] Hoth CN, Choulis SA, Schilinsky P, Brabec CJ, Adv. Mater., 16, 1669 (2006)

[12] Vak D, Kim SS, Jo J, Oh SH, Na SI, Kim J, Kim DY, Appl. Phys. Lett., 91, 081102 (2007)

[13] Yu BK, Vak D, Jo J, Na SI, Kim SS, Kim MK, Kim DY, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 16, 1838 (2010)

[14] Green R, Morfa A, Ferguson AJ, Kopidakis N, Rumbles G, Shaheen SE, Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 033301 (2008)

[15] Steirer KX, Reese MO, Rupert BL, Kopidakis N, Olson DC, Collins RT, Ginley DS, Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells, 93(4), 447 (2009)

[16] Steirer KX, Berry JJ, Reese MO, van Hest MFAM, Miedaner A, Liberatore MW, Collins RT, Ginley DS, Thin Solid Films, 517(8), 2781 (2009)

[17] Lim YF, Lee S, Herman DJ, Lloyd MT, Anthony JE, Malliaras GG, Appl. Phys. Lett., 93, 193301 (2008)

[18] Tedde SF, Kern J, Sterzl T, Frst J, Lugli P, Hayden O, Nano Lett., 9, 980 (2009)

[19] Hoth CN, Steim R, Schilinsky P, Choulis SA, Tedde SF, Hayden O, Brabec CJ, Org. Electron., 10, 587 (2009)

[20] Park HY, Kim K, Kim DY, Choi SK, Jo SM, Jang SY, J. Mater. Chem., 21, 4457 (2011)

[21] Masters K, Spray Drying Handbook, 5th ed., John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, 1991.

[22] Dennler G, Scharber MC, Brabec CJ, Adv. Mater., 21(13), 1323 (2009)

[23] Li G, Yao Y, Yang H, Shrotriya V, Yang G, Yang Y, Adv. Funct. Mater., 17(10), 1636 (2007)

[24] Mihailetchi VD, Xie H, de Boer B, Popescu LM, Hummelen JC, Blom BWM, Koster LJA, Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 012107 (2006)

[25] Hwang K, Jung YS, Heo YJ, Scholes FH, Watkins SE, Subbiah J, Jones DJ, Kim DY, Vak D, Adv. Mater., 27(7), 1241 (2015)

[26] Park HY, Lim D, Oh SH, Kang PH, Kwak G, Jang SY, Org. Electron., 15, 2337 (2014)

[27] Vak D, Embden JV, Wong WWH, Watkins S, Appl. Phys. Lett., 106, 033302 (2015)