Toothpaste microstructure and rheological behaviors including aging and partial rejuvenation

Zhiwei Liu; Lei Liu; Huan Zhou; Jiali Wang; Linhong Deng

Korea-Australia Rheology Journal, Vol.27, No.3, 207-212, August, 2015

DOI10.1007/s13367-015-0021-0 Export Citation

Toothpaste microstructure and rheological behaviors including aging and partial rejuvenation

Zhiwei Liu, Lei Liu, Huan Zhou, Jiali Wang, and Linhong Deng^†

Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213164, PR China

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Toothpastes are mainly composed of a dense suspension of abrasive substances, flavors, and therapeutic ingredients in a background liquid of humectants and water, and usually exhibit complex rheological behaviors. However, the relationship between the rheology and microstructure of toothpaste remains to be studied. In this paper, three commonly used toothpastes, namely Colgate, Darlie and Yunnan Baiyao (Ynby), were qualitatively and quantitatively studied as soft glassy materials. We found that although the three toothpastes generally behaved in similar fashion in terms of rheology, each particular one was distinct from others in terms of the quantitative magnitude of the rheologcial properties including thixotropy, creep and relaxation, yield stress, and power-law dependence of modulus on frequency. In addition, the history-dependent effects were interpreted in terms of aging and rejuvenation phenomena, analogous to those existing in glassy systems, and Ynby seemed to result in greater extent of aging and rejuvenation as compared to the other two. All these differences in toothpaste rheology may well be attributed to the different microscopic network microstructures as observed in this study. Therefore, this study provides first evidence of microstructurebased rheological behaviors of toothpaste, which may be useful for optimizing its composition, manufacturing processing as well as end-user applications.

Keywords:toothpaste;rheology;microstructure;creep;aging;rejuvenation

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[2] Barnes HA, J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech., 70(1-2), 1 (1997)

[3] Barnes HA, 2000, A Handbook of Elementary Rheology, University of Wales, Institute of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics Aberystyth, England.

[4] Bonn D, Coussot P, Huynh H, Bertrand F, Debregeas G, EPL-Europhys. Lett., 59, 786 (2002)

[5] Broedersz CP, Kasza KE, Jawerth LM, Munster S, Weitz DA, MacKintosh FC, Soft Matter, 6, 4120 (2010)

[6] Chen DT, Wen Q, Janmey PA, Crocker JC, Yodh AG, Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys., 1, 301 (2010)

[7] Cloitre M, Borrega R, Leibler L, Phys. Rev. Lett., 85, 4819 (2000)

[8] Cloitre M, Borrega R, Leibler L, Phys. Rev. Focus, 6, 24 (2000)

[9] Coussot P, 2005, Rheometry of Pastes, Suspensions, and Granular Materials: Applications in Industry and Environment, John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey.

[10] Deng LH, Trepat X, Butler JP, Millet E, Morgan KG, Weitz DA, Fredberg JJ, Nat. Mater., 5(8), 636 (2006)

[11] Gittes F, MacKintosh FC, Phys. Rev. E, 58, R1241 (1998)

[12] Goyon J, Colin A, Ovarlez G, Ajdari A, Bocquet L, Nature, 454, 84 (2008)

[13] Gupta R, Baldewa B, Joshi YM, Soft Matter, 8, 4171 (2012)

[14] Kiozpeoplou DK, 1984, Dispensing container of toothpaste which effervesces during toothbrushing, US Patent US4487757 A.

[15] Larson RG, 1999, The Structure and Rheology of Complex Fluids, Oxford University Press, New York.

[16] Liao HJ, Okechukwu PE, Damodaran S, Rao MA, J. Texture Stud., 27, 403 (1996)

[17] Martinetti L, Mannion AM, Voje WE, Xie RX, Ewoldt RH, Morgret LD, Bates FS, Macosko CW, J. Rheol., 58(4), 821 (2014)

[18] Mewis J, Wagner NJ, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 147, 214 (2009)

[19] Rodts S, Boujlel J, Rabideau B, Ovarlez G, Rousse Nl, Moucheront P, Lanos C, Bertrand F, Coussot P, Phys. Rev. E, 81, 021402 (2010)

[20] Vermant J, Solomon M, J. Phys. Condens. Matter, 17, R187 (2005)

[21] Weitz DA, Nature, 410(6824), 32 (2001)