Choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents as additives for optimizing chromatographic behavior of caffeic acid

Guizhen Li; Tao Zhu; Yingjie Lei

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.32, No.10, 2103-2108, October, 2015

DOI10.1007/s11814-015-0054-6 Export Citation

Choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents as additives for optimizing chromatographic behavior of caffeic acid

Guizhen Li, Tao Zhu^†, and Yingjie Lei

Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China

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A series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared using glycerol and choline chloride (ChCl), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) was used to analyze the spectra of glycerol, choline chloride and DESs based on glycerol and choline chloride. Then DESs were used as the additives of mobile phase to optimize chromatographic behavior of caffeic acid in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A 17-run Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to evaluate effect of DESs as additives by analyzing the maximum theoretical plate number. Three factors, reaction temperature (60 oC, 80 oC, 100 oC), molar ratio of glycerol and choline chloride (2 : 1, 3 : 1, 4 : 1, n/n), and volume percent of additives (0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15%, v/v), were investigated in BBD. The optimum experiment condition was that of reaction temperature (80 oC), molar ratio of glycerol and ChCl (3 : 1, n/n), and volume percent of additive (0.10%, v/v). The mean chromatographic theoretical plate number of the caffeic acid this condition was 1567.5, and DESs as additives shorten the retention time and modify the chromatogram shape, proving DESs as additives for effective theoretical plate number and column efficiency in HPLC.

Keywords:Caffeic Acid;Additive;Optimum;Maximum Theoretical Plate Number;Deep Eutectic Solvents

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[Referenced By]

[1] Berner M, Krug D, Bihlmaier C, Vente A, Muller R, Bechthold A, J. Bacteriol., 188(7), 2666 (2006)

[2] Celik S, Erdogan S, Tuzcu M, J. Pharmacol. Res., 60(4), 270 (2009)

[3] Prasad NR, Karthikeyan A, Karthikeyan S, Bandugula VR, Mol. Cell. Biochem., 349, 11 (2011)

[4] Maurya DK, Devasagayam TPA, Food Chem. Toxicol., 48(12), 3369 (2010)

[5] Joyeux M, Lobstein A, Anton R, Mortier F, Planta. Med., 61(12), 6 (1995)

[6] Miles EA, Zoubouli P, Calder PC, Phil D, Nutrition, 21, 389 (2005)

[7] Bose JS, Gangan V, Jain SK, Manna SK, Clin. Immunol., 29, 90 (2009)

[8] Michaluart P, Masferrer JL, Carothers AM, Subbaramaiah K, Zweifel BS, Koboldt C, Mestre JR, Grunberger D, Sacks PG, Tanabe T, Dannenberg AJ, Cancer. Res., 59, 2347 (1999)

[9] Temerdashev ZA, Frolova NA, Kolychev IA, J. Anal. Chem., 66, 407 (2011)

[10] Widmer TL, Laurent N, Eur. J. Plant. Path., 115, 377 (2006)

[11] Song YH, Wang S, J. Anhui Med. Pharm., 11(16), 2 (2012)

[12] Gupta S, Manohar CS, Struct. Saf., 26, 123 (2004)

[13] Lobo HR, Singh BS, Shankarling GS, Green. Chem. Lett. Rev., 5, 487 (2012)

[14] Maugeri Z, Maria PD, RSC Adv., 2, 421 (2012)

[15] Durand E, Lecomte J, Villeneuve P, Eur. J. Lipid. Sci. Tech., 115, 379 (2013)

[16] Tang B, Tian M, Row KH, J. Chromatogr. A, 1285, 22 (2013)

[17] Weingartner H, Chem. Int. Ed. Eng., 47, 654 (2008)

[18] Baldelli S, Acc. Chem. Res., 41, 421 (2008)

[19] Bonhote P, Dias AP, Papageorgiou N, Kalyanasundaram K, Gratzel M, Inorg. Chem., 35(5), 1168 (1996)

[20] Li JH, Shen YF, Zhang YJ, Liu Y, Chem. Commun., 3, 360 (2005)

[21] Thomas DP, Foley JP, J. Chromatogr. A, 1205, 36 (2008)

[22] Zhou MH, Xiao GM, Hong M, Res. Chem. Intermed., 38, 9 (2012)

[23] Tittel G, Wagner H, Chem. Lab. Prac., 2, 343 (1986)

[24] Tang BK, Row KH, Monatsh. Chem., 144, 1427 (2013)

[25] Abbott AP, Bell TJ, Handa S, Stoddart B, Green Chem., 7, 705 (2005)

[26] Abbott AP, Capper G, Davis DL, Tambyrajahv RKR, Chem. Commun., 1(70), 1 (2003)

[27] Jimenez AE, Bermudez MD, Tribol. Lett., 40, 237 (2010)

[28] Lobo HR, Singh BS, Shankarling GS, Green. Chem. Lett. Rev., 5, 487 (2012)

[29] Shahbaz K, Mjalli FS, Hashim MA, AlNashef IM, Fluid Phase Equilib., 319, 48 (2012)

[30] Abbott AP, Capper G, Davies DL, McKenzie KJ, Obi SU, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 51(4), 1280 (2006)

[31] Ngo HL, LeCompte K, Hargens L, McEwen AB, Thermochim. Acta, 357, 97 (2000)

[32] Box GEP, Wilson KB, J. Roy. Stat. Soc. B., 13, 1 (1951)

[33] RenJie L, Carbohydr. Polym., 74, 858 (2008)

[34] Varnalis AI, Brennan JG, MacDougall DB, Gilmour SG, J. Food Eng., 61(2), 153 (2004)

[35] Zhu T, Row KH, J. Liq. Chromatogr. Relat. Technol., 34(12), 1036 (2011)

[36] Xu H, Sun LP, Shi YZ, Wu YH, Zhang B, Zhao DQ, Biochem. Eng. J., 39, 66 (2008)

[37] Sun Y, Li T, Yan J, Liu J, Carbohydr. Polym., 80, 242 (2010)

[38] Wu Y, Cui SW, Tan JX, Food. Chem., 105, 1599 (2007)

[39] Zhong K, Wang Q, Carbohydr. Polym., 80, 19 (2010)

[40] Zhu T, Row KH, Sep. Sci. Technol., 48(10), 1510 (2013)