Cyanophycin (CP) can be successfully produced in plants by the ectopic expression of the CphA synthetase from Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 (Berg et al. 2000), yielding up to 6.8 % of dry weight (DW) in tobacco leaf tissue and 7.5 % in potato tubers (Huehns et al. 2008, 2009). Though, high amounts of the polymer lead to phenotypical abnormalities in both crops. The extension of abnormalities and the maximum amount of CP tolerated depend on the compartment that CP production is localized at the tissue/crop in which CP was produced (Huehns et al. 2008, 2009; Neumann et al. 2005). It cannot be ascribed to a depletion of arginine, lysine, or aspartate, the substrates for CP synthesis.