Incubation of carboxydotrophs at 37 degrees C provides optimal conditions for their growth. However, a fast accumulation of organic acids, specifically acetate, during the exponential growth phase may result in low alcohol production and substrate consumption due to a phenomenon known as "acid crash''. The present work investigates growth and productivity of Clostridium carboxidivorans P7 at two incubation temperatures. At 37 degrees C the culture was not able to override the "acid crash'', resulting in low ethanol titers (1.56 mM). On the other hand, lower metabolic rates at 25 degrees C enhanced ethanol and butanol production (32.1 and 14.5 mM, respectively). Moreover, at low temperatures, hexanol and caproic acid were also produced at significant concentrations, 8.21 and 9.02 mM respectively, among the highest values reported for P7. Our results demonstrate that production of biofuels with longer carbon chains molecules may be enhanced incubating syngas-fermenting acetogenic bacteria at sub-optimal temperatures. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.