Eco-friendly O/W emulsions were produced by membrane emulsification using nickel membrane consisting of hexagonal arrays of cylindrical pores of 10 or 20 mu m diameter and 200 mu m spacing. The dispersed phase was a mixture of N,N-dimethyldecanamide (AMD-10 (TM)) and D-limonene containing 0-35 wt% AMD-10 (TM) in the dispersed phase and the continuous aqueous phase was 3 wt% polyoxyethylene glycerol fatty acid ester (Levenol (R) C-201). In direct membrane emulsification, the droplet-to-pore size ratio was 1.5-4.6 and the most uniform droplets were obtained with pure D-limonene at a stirrer speed of 620 rpm, corresponding to the peak shear stress on the membrane surface of 7 Pa. In premix membrane emulsification, the median droplet diameter decreased with increasing the transmembrane flux and was smaller than the pore size at the flux above 2000 L m(-2) h(-1). The droplet size was 6 p.m after two passes through the membrane with a pore diameter of either 10 or 20 mu m. The viscosity of emulsions with 30 wt% was not influenced by the shear rate but an emulsion with a dispersed phase content of 40 wt% showed shear thinning behaviour and viscoelastic properties. The produced emulsions can be used as environmentally friendly matrices for incorporation of agrochemical actives. (c) 2015 The Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.