Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical, Vol.398, 11-16, 2015
Green synthesis of 6-cyano-2,2-dimethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran and its subsequent enantioselective epoxidation
The clean synthesis of 6-cyano-2,2-dimethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran epoxide starting from 3-methyl-2-butenal is reported using recyclable catalysts. H4Mo11VO40 (PMo11V) and (PyH)(3)HPMo11VO40 (Py-3-PMo11V) Keggin-type heteropolyacids were used to synthesize 6-cyano-2,2-dimethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran in two steps with 35% yield. This is an alternative procedure to the traditional methodology with pyridine or picoline as catalyst, where 6-cyano-2,2-dimethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran is obtained by condensation of 4-cyanophenol with 1,1-diethoxy-3-methyl-2-butene. The 6-cyano-2,2-dimethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran epoxide was obtained using Jacobsen-type catalysts, and in situ generated dimethyldioxirane (DMD) as oxidizing agent, that in comparison to m-CPBA/4-NMO and NaOCl/4-PPNO did not degrade the catalyst. In presence of 4-phenylpyridine N-oxide (4-PPNO) at 4 degrees C, enantioselectivities of 87% for 3S,4S-epoxide and 68% for 3R,4R-epoxide were obtained with the S,S- and R,R-Jacobsen catalysts, respectively. Overall yield was approximately 17% for 3S,4S-epoxide. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Heteropolyacids;Jacobsen-type catalyst;Sustainable synthesis;6-Cyano-2,2-dimethyl-2-H-1-benzopyran;Chromene epoxide