WSoluble C-60-N-vinylcarbazole copolymers with different C-60 contents were synthesized in lithium naphthalene-initiated anionic polymerization reactions. C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) results provided strong evidence for the covalent attachment of poly(N-vinylcarbazole; PVK) units to the C-60 cores. The chemical shifts located at 142.16, 143.21, 144.70, 145.61, 146.65, 147.09, 149.08 and 170.28 p.p.m. in the 13C NMR spectrum of the copolymer are assigned to the unsaturated carbon signals of the substituted C60 cage. Its ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum tends to move to the longer wavelength compared with those of the N-vinylcarbazole (NVC) monomer and PVK, and the peak range also extended from about 350 to 640 nm due to "charge-transfer" interaction between C60 and N-ethylcarbazole units. X-ray diffraction evidence suggests that the structure of the resultant copolymer might be a layered structure. Like the C60 chemically modified PVK, this material also exhibits good photoconductivity and temperature sensitivity. An unusual temperature dependence of the ESR spectrum is observed. In addition, it is also found that both [60] fullerene polyanion salts [(C-60(n-))M-n(+), M = Li, Na, K] and fullerene itself are unable to initate the polymerization of such monomers as N-vinylcarbazole, styrene and acrylonitrile, etc.