Journal of the American Ceramic Society, Vol.98, No.6, 1842-1847, 2015
Effect of TiO2 Doping on the Structure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Cordierite Ceramics
The (1-x)Mg2Al4Si5O18-xTiO(2) |(1-x)MAS-xT| (0x 0.35) cordierite ceramics are fabricated by solid-state reaction method for obtaining near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency ((f)). The XRD and SEM results show that (1-x)MAS-xT (0x0.10) ceramics exhibit single cordierite solid solution, whereas as 0.15x0.35, present composite phases of Mg2Al4Si5O18 solution and TiO2. Rietveld refinements of XRD data suggest that the [(Si4Al2)O-18] hexagonal shape in cordierite structure happens to alternate change from nonsymmetrical hexagonal rings to almost centrosymmetrical equilateral rings as x increases to 0.10 comparing to that of x=0. As Ti4+ ions squeeze into the [(Si4Al2)O-18] rings structure, the orientation and shapes of the rings begin to rotate and expand from initial state of [1-20] (x=0) to near [210] direction (x=0.10), and then continue to expand toward close to [110] direction (x=0.25). Due to centrosymmetry adjustment of [(Si4Al2)O-18] hexagonal rings and of other microstructure factors improvement, the (1-x)MAS-xT (x=0.10) cordierite solution achieves optimum quality factor Q(f): epsilon(r)=6.3, Q(f)=55400GHz (17.6GHz), (f)=-21 ppm/degrees C. The (1-x)MAS-xT (x=0.25) composites obtain a near-zero temperature coefficient of resonance frequency: epsilon(r)=6.8, Q(f)=37800GHz (18.4GHz), (f)=-0.2ppm/degrees C.