Cadmium sulfide nanocrystals (quantum dots) have been prepared using polymer solution as template. The new polymer is a vinyl acetate- maleic anhydride (VAcMA) copolymer obtained by using an original procedure developed in our laboratory. The influence of composition and concentration of the polymer oil the size and the optical properties of the semiconductor nanoparticles has been studied. The influence of the reaction parameter was also investigated in order to obtain a versatile procedure to prepare nanocrystals with tunable optical properties. The reaction in polymeric matrix could lead to the formation of wide range of particle size (3-8 nm). In addition to modify the emission properties by controlling the particle size, CdS nanocrystals were doped with Zn, Cu and Mn ions. Both blue and red shifts of the maximum emission wavelength were recorded. QD-polymer composites obtained from CdS nanoparticles prepared in VAcMA matrix have been investigated by UV-VIS, fluorescence and IR spectroscopy, TEM and DLS. The photophysical properties of the semiconductor nanoparticles obtained in polymer matrix was compared for different QD-polymer composites, according to the obtaining procedure.