Three new triterpenic saponins, 3-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl] hederagenin 28-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl] ester (1), 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyll hederagenin 28-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyll ester 2) and 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)- alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl] hederagenin(3) were isolated from Cephalaria transsylvanica. After cleavage of the ester-glycosidic linkage of the bisdesmosidic compounds, two new prosapogenins, 3-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-glucpyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)- alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl] hederagenin (4) and 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->4)- beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)- alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->4)- beta-D-xylopyranosyl] hederagenin (5) were also isolated. The structures of the compounds were established by chemical and spectroscopic means.