A pilot-scale vertical submerged membrane bioreactor (VSMBR) with anoxic and oxic zones in one reactor was operated in an attempt to reduce the problems concerning effective removal of organic matter and nutrients from municipal wastewater. Source water with total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD)/total nitrogen (TN) ratio of 5.5 was treated at various temperatures (13-25 degrees C) over an interval of about 1 year. As a result, total suspended solid (TSS) and TCOD were removed by 100% and higher than 98%, respectively. Moreover, the average removal efficiencies of TN and total phosphorus (TP) were found to be 74% and 78% at 8 h-hydraulic retention time (HRT) and 60-days sludge retention time (SRT). Under these conditions, the specific removal rates (SRR) of TN and TP were found to be 0.093 kg N m(-3) day(-1) and 0.008 kg P m(-3) day(-1), and the daily production of excess sludge (DPES), 0.058 kg TSS day(-1). 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.