Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) is involved in angiogenesis, but the role of NRP-1 in megakaryocytopoiesis is not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated whether thrombopoietin (TPO) regulates the expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and its receptors (PDGFRs) on TPO-dependent UT-7/ TPO cells and whether PDGFRs and NRP-1 on UT-7/TPO cells form complexes during megakaryocytic differentiation. When UT-7/TPO cells were starved of TPO for 24 h and then stimulated with 5 ng/ml TPO, the expression of PDGF-B, PDGFR alpha, and PDGFR beta were significantly up-regulated after the addition of TPO. TPO also induced tyrosine phosphorylation of PDGFRa but not PDGFR beta, and promoted the formation of PDGFR alpha beta heterodimer complexes. Furthermore, megakaryocytic differentiation of UT-7/TPO cells on treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) was accompanied by a marked up-regulation of PDGFR beta. and NRP-1 protein expression, complex formation between PDGFRs and NRP-1, PDGFR alpha beta heterodimer complexes, and an increase in PDGF-BB-binding activity. Immunocytochemistry confirmed complex formation between PDGFRs and NRP-1 and PDGFR alpha beta heterodimer complexes in PMA-differentiated UT7/TPO cells. Our observations suggest that NRP-1 is involved in megakaryocytopoiesis through complex formation with PDGFRs, and that NRP-1-PDGFR-complexes may contribute to effective cellular functions mediated by TPO and PDGF in megakaryocytic cells. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.