Fundamental study of LaMgxCr1-xO3-δ perovskites nano-photocatalysts:Sol-gel synthesis, characterization and humidity sensing

Benjamin Avila Josephine; Ayyar Manikandan; Vincent Mary Teresita; Susaimanickam Arul Antony

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.33, No.5, 1590-1598, May, 2016

DOI10.1007/s11814-015-0282-9 Export Citation

Fundamental study of LaMgxCr1-xO3-δ perovskites nano-photocatalysts:Sol-gel synthesis, characterization and humidity sensing

Benjamin Avila Josephine^{1, 2}, Ayyar Manikandan^{3, †}, Vincent Mary Teresita^{1, 2}, and Susaimanickam Arul Antony^{1, 4, †}

¹Research and Development Center, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore - 641046, India
²Department of Chemistry, Stella Maris College, Chennai - 600 086, India
³Department of Chemistry, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Bharath University, Chennai - 600 073, India
⁴PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Presidency College (Autonomous), Chennai - 600 005, India

E-mail:,

Nanocrystalline perovskite oxides, LaMgxCr1-xO3-δ (x=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1) were prepared by sol-gel method. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms at 77 K, respectively, to identify the structural phases, surface morphology, vibrational stretching frequencies and BET surface area of the samples. Also, it was investigated the humidity sensing characteristics of the samples. The composites were sintered at 800 ℃ for 5 h and subjected to dc electrical conductivity studies at room temperature. The resistance measurements as a function of relative humidity (RH) in the range of 5-98% were done and the humidity sensing factors (Sf =R5%/R98%) calculated. The activation energy of the compounds were determined from the temperature-dependent electrical conductance experiments in the temperature range of 120-300 ℃. LaMgCr-3 (x=0.4) had the highest humidity sensing factor 21407±431, while LaCr-1 (x=0) the lowest sensitivity factor 27.27±2. The response and recovery characteristics were studied for LaMgCr-3, which exhibited good linearity and a very narrow hysteresis loop. The photocatalytic activity of LaMgxCr1-xO3-δ was investigated by using the photo-decomposition of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) under UV-visible light. The sample LaMgCr-3 (x=0.4) showed the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency (93.05%) than other samples, due to their smaller size of particles with higher surface area.

Keywords:Sol-gel Method;Perovskites Oxides;Humidity Sensors;Ceramics;Catalyst

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[Referenced By]

[1] Chen Z, Lu C, Sens. Lett., 3, 274 (2005)

[2] Vijaya JJ, Kennedy LJ, Meenakshisundaram A, Sekaran G, Nagaraja KS, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 127, 619 (2007)

[3] Raj AMES, Mallika C, Swaminathan K, Sreedharan OM, Nagaraja KS, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 81, 229 (2002)

[4] Chakoumakos BC, Lager GA, Fernandez-Baca JA, Acta Crystallogr. Sect. C-Cryst. Struct. Commun., 48, 414 (1992)

[5] Vijaya JJ, Kennedy LJ, Sekaran G, Nagaraja KS, Mater. Res. Bull., 43(2), 473 (2008)

[6] Kipyung A, Wessels BW, Sampath S, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 107, 342 (2005)

[7] Laobuthee A, Wongkasemjit S, Traversa E, Laine RM, J. Eur, 20, 91 (2000)

[8] Stambolova I, Konstantinov K, Vassilev S, Peshev P, Tsacheva T, Mater. Chem. Phys., 63(2), 104 (2000)

[9] Arshak K, Gaiden I, Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol., 118, 44 (2005)

[10] Jung J, Lee SP, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 13, 7030 (2013)

[11] Rajmohan S, Manikandan A, Jeseentharani V, Antony SA, Pragasam J, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 16, 1650 (2016)

[12] Katoch A, Choi SW, Sun GJ, Kim SS, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 13, 7097 (2013)

[13] Chen Y, Lu X, Ding Y, Liu X, Meng G, J. Rare Earths, 28, 153 (2010)

[14] Setz LFG, Santacruz I, Colomer MT, Mello-Castanho SRH, Moreno R, Mater. Res. Bull., 46(7), 983 (2011)

[15] Kavasoglu N, Bayhan M, Turk. J. Phys., 29, 249 (2005)

[16] Manikandan A, Durka M, Seevakan K, Antony SA, J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., 28, 1405 (2015)

[17] Manikandan A, Durka M, Antony SA, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym., 25, 804 (2015)

[18] Manikandan A, Durka M, Antony SA, Adv. Sci. Eng. Med., 7, 33 (2015)

[19] Manikandan A, Hema E, Durka M, Seevakan K, Alagesan T, Antony SA, J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., 28, 1783 (2015)

[20] Kotnala RK, Shah J, Singh B, Kishan H, Singh S, Dhawan SK, Sengupta A, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 129, 909 (2008)

[21] Chou KS, Lee TK, Liu FJ, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 56, 106 (1999)

[22] Raj ES, Mallika C, Sreedharan OM, Nagaraja KS, Mater. Res. Bull., 36, 845 (2001)

[23] Pokheral S, Nagaraja KS, Sens. Actuators B-Chem., 92, 144 (2003)

[24] Sornadurai D, Josephine B, Teresita V, Antony S, ICDD card # 00-063-0472, January 13 (2014).

[25] Sornadurai D, Josephine B, Teresita V, Antony S, ICDD card # 00-063-0473, January 13 (2014).

[26] Sornadurai D, Josephine B, Teresita V, Antony S, ICDD card # 00-063-0474, January 13 (2014).

[27] Sornadurai D, Josephine B, Teresita V, Antony S, ICDD card # 00-063-0475, January 13 (2014).

[28] Sornadurai D, Josephine B, Teresita V, Antony S, ICDD card # 00-063-0492, January 13 (2014).

[29] Pokhrel S, Nagaraja KS, Phy. Stat. Sol. A, 198, 343 (2003)

[30] Manikandan A, Sridhar R, Antony SA, Ramakrishna S, J. Mol. Struct., 1076, 188 (2014)

[31] Manikandan A, Durka M, Antony SA, J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., 28, 209 (2015)

[32] Manikandan A, Durka M, Antony SA, J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym., 25, 1019 (2015)

[33] Manikandan A, Durka M, Antony SA, J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., 27, 2841 (2014)

[34] Manikandan A, Antony SA, J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., 27, 2725 (2014)

[35] Manikandan A, Durka M, Antony SA, J. Supercond. Nov. Magn., 28, 2047 (2015)