First principles calculation of the oxygen K-edge absorption near-edge structure of liquid acetic acid was performed to investigate the relationship between the spectrum and the molecular dynamics in a liquid. The single and double bonded oxygens gave strong peaks at different energies. A liquid model constructed using a molecular dynamics simulation reproduced the experimental spectrum. We revealed that the effect of the dynamic behavior of molecules in a liquid clearly appears in the particular peak from a single-bond oxygen. The relationship between the bonding nature and the dynamic information of a molecule in a spectrum was determined and presented. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.