A novel adsorbent of mesoporous carbon stabilized alumina (MC/Al2O3) was synthesized through one pot hard-templating method. The adsorption potential of MC/Al2O3 for Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution was investigated compared with the mesoporous carbon. The results indicated the MC/Al2O3 showed excellent performance for Cd(II) and Pb(II) removal, the adsorption capacity reached 49.98 mg g(-1) for Cd(II) with initial concentration of 50 mg L-1 and reached 235.57 mg g(-1) for Pb(II) with initial concentration of 250 mg L-1, respectively. The kinetics data of Cd(II) adsorption demonstrated that the Cd(II) adsorption rate was fast, and the removal efficiencies with initial concentration of 10 and 50 mg L-1 can reach up 99% within 5 and 20 min, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model could describe the kinetics of Cd(II) adsorption well, indicating the chemical reaction was the rate-controlling step. The mechanism for Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption by MC/Al2O3 was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the results indicated that the excellent performance for Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption of MC/Al2O3 was mainly attributed to its high surface area and the special functional groups of hydroxy-aluminum, hydroxyl, carboxylic through the formation of strong surface complexation or ion-exchange. It was concluded that MC/Al2O3 can be recognized as an effective adsorbent for removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) in aqueous solution. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.