This paper demonstrates advantages of using tungsten single crystal as structural material in science absorbing industry in comparison with polycrystalline material. High temperature short-term static strength and creep resistance characteristics of polycrystalline tungsten and single crystal alloy were obtained and compared. The results of comparative studies of the mechanical properties of polycrystalline and monocrystalline tungsten - 4% tantalum alloy are presented. It is shown that monocrystalline tungsten based materials have both high-temperature strength and plasticity which makes them most suitable for use under high temperatures and high mechanical stresses. Use of monocrystalline tungsten as a structural material makes it possible to prolong the service life and avoid the failures resulting from embrittlement and strain. Moreover, thermo mechanical treatment of monocrystalline tungsten enhances its high-temperature strength. However, it is necessary to carry out additional experimental research to choose the appropriate thermo mechanical treatment conditions. Copyright (C) 2016, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.