In this paper, the effects of lithium chloride (LiCl) on 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl) and cellulose/AMIMCl were studied by steady-state and dynamic rheology experiments. After adding LiCl, a suprastructure may be formed in AMIMCl/LiCl because of fiber drawing and shear-thinning behavior. Moreover, the size of cellulose coil swelled by adding LiCl. In the master curve of cellulose-AMIMCl/LiCl solution, the critical overlap concentration was c (*) = 0.63 and the entangled concentration was c (e) = 2.27 for the entangled regime. Dependence of eta (sp)on cellulose concentration in cellulose-AMIMCl/LiCl was eta (sp)similar to c (1.58)and c (2.91)in dilute and semi-dilute untangled regimes, respectively. Therefore, the AMIMCl/LiCl mixture was not a theta solvent for the neutral polymer. The solubility of cellulose decreased and degradation was aggravated after adding LiCl.