Hierarchically structured nano-vanadium oxides with different morphologies have been synthesized via a template-free hydrothermal route by adjusting the organic precursor quantities. The effects of molar ratio on structure, morphology and crystallite sized were investigated. The possible growth mechanism is also proposed. When evaluated as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries, the vanadium oxyhydroxide H2V3O8 samples deliver very high charging capacity, good reversibility and a better cycling stability. The excellent electrochemical performance is attributed to multiple advantageous structural features. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.