Electrochimica Acta, Vol.218, 311-317, 2016
Direct Reduction of 1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane and 1-Chloro-6-iodohexane at Silver Cathodes in Dimethylformamide
Cyclic voltammetry and controlled-potential (bulk) electrolyses have been employed to probe the electrochemical reductions of 1-bromo-6-chlorohexane and 1-chloro-6-iodohexane at silver cathodes in dimethylformamide (DMF) containing 0.050 M tetra-n-butylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBABF(4)). A cyclic voltammogram for reduction of 1-bromo-6-chlorohexane shows a single major irreversible cathodic peak, whereas reduction of 1-chloro-6-iodohexane gives rise to a pair of irreversible cathodic peaks. Controlled-potential (bulk) electrolyses of 1-bromo-6-chlorohexane at a silver gauze cathode reveal that the process involves a two-electron cleavage of the carbon-bromine bond to afford 1-chlorohexane as the major product, along with 6-chloro-1-hexene, n-hexane, 1-hexene, and 1,5-hexadiene as minor species. In contrast, bulk electrolyses of 1-chloro-6-iodohexane indicate that the first voltammetric peak corresponds to a one-electron process, leading to production of a dimer (1,12-dichlorododecane) together with 1-chlorohexane and 6-chloro-1-hexene as well as 1-hexene and 1,5-hexadiene in trace amounts. At potentials corresponding to the second cathodic peak, reduction of 1-chloro-6-iodohexane is a mixture of one-and two-electron steps that yields the same set of products, but in different proportions. Mechanistic schemes are proposed to explain the electrochemical behavior of both 1-bromo-6-chlorohexane and 1-chloro-6-iodohexane. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Carbon-halogen bond cleavage;Silver cathodes;Electrochemical reduction;1-Bromo-6-chlorohexane;1-Chloro-6-iodohexane