A novelly-defined adsorption membrane for rapid removal of fluoride from drinking water was prepared. Both zirconium metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) adsorbent and membrane with large specific surface area of 740.28 m(2)/g were used for fluoride removal for the first time. For adsorption technique, fluoride adsorption on Zr-MOFs was studied on a batch mode. The adsorption data could be well described by Langmuir isotherm model while the adsorption kinetic followed pseudo-second-order model. The maximum of adsorption capacity was 102.40 mg/g at pH 7.0 when the initial fluoride concentration was 200 mg/L. The FT-IR and XPS analyses of Zr-MOFs revealed that both surface hydroxyl groups and Zr(IV) active sites played important roles in fluoride adsorption process. The as-prepared Zr-MOFs adsorbent was suitable for practical treatment of drinking water and regeneration by sodium hydroxide solution (3 wt%). For membrane experiments, Zr-MOFs membrane supported on Alumina substrate could remove fluoride efficiently through dynamic filtration. The fluoride removal capability of Zr-MOFs membrane depended on flow rate and initial concentration of fluoride. The fluoride removal abilities of Zr-MOFs membrane with 20 mu m thickness could reach 5510, 5173, and 4664 L/m(2) when fluoride concentrations were 5, 8 and 10 mg/L, respectively. This study indicated that Zr-MOFs membrane could be developed into a very viable technology for highly effective removal of fluoride from drinking water. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.