We study the structure and electronic properties of new moieties of Li- and Mg-based hydroxides and carbonates. DFT calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) level show superhalogen behavior for the Li(OH)(2), Mg(OH)(3), Li(HCO3)(2) and Mg(HCO3)(2) clusters, which have adiabatic electron affinity 3.19, 3.89, 5.24, and 4.64 eV, respectively. Superalkali behavior has been identified for the Li-2(OH), Li-4(OH)(3), Li2HCO3, and Li-4(HCO3)(3) clusters, which have vertical ionization potential 4.65, 3.89, 4.48, 5.08, and 4.27 eV, respectively. Calculated fragmentation energies along selected channels indicate that some of these molecules possess believable propensity as oxidizers for usage as propellants and fire suppressors.