Numerical analysis of the heat transfer and fluid flow in the butt-fusion welding process

Jae Hyun Yoo; Sunwoong Choi; Jaewook Nam; Kyung Hyun Ahn; Ju Seok Oh

Korea-Australia Rheology Journal, Vol.29, No.1, 37-49, February, 2017

DOI10.1007/s13367-017-0005-3 Export Citation

Numerical analysis of the heat transfer and fluid flow in the butt-fusion welding process

Jae Hyun Yoo, Sunwoong Choi¹, Jaewook Nam², Kyung Hyun Ahn , and Ju Seok Oh^{1, †}

Institute of Chemical Process, School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
¹Department of Advanced Materials, Hannam University, Daejeon 34430, Republic of Korea
²Department of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea

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Butt-fusion welding is an effective process for welding polymeric pipes. The process can be simplified into two stages. In heat soak stage, the pipe is heated using a hot plate contacted with one end of the pipe. In jointing stage, a pair of heated pipes is compressed against one another so that the melt regions become welded. In previous works, the jointing stage that is highly related to the welding quality was neglected. However, in this study, a finite element simulation is conducted including the jointing stage. The heat and momentum transfer are considered altogether. A new numerical scheme to describe the melt flow and pipe deformation for the butt-fusion welding process is introduced. High density polyethylene (HDPE) is used for the material. Flow via thermal expansion of the heat soak stage, and squeezing and fountain flow of the jointing stage are well reproduced. It is also observed that curling beads are formed and encounter the pipe body. The unique contribution of this study is its capability of directly observing the flow behaviors that occur during the jointing stage and relating them to welding quality.

Keywords:butt-fusion welding;finite element method;computational fluid dynamics;heat transfer;polymer processing

[References]

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deCourcy DR, Atkinson JR, J. Mater. Sci., 12, 1535 (1977)
Demarquette NR, Da Silva FT, Brandi SD, Gouvea D, Polym. Eng. Sci., 40(7), 1663 (2000)
EL-Bagory TMAA, Sallam HEM, Younan MYA, Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech., 74, 164 (2014)
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[Referenced By]

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[1] Barber P, Atkinson JR, J. Mater. Sci., 7, 1131 (1972)

[2] Barber P, Atkinson JR, J. Mater. Sci., 9, 1456 (1974)

[3] Benkreira H, Shillitoe S, Day AJ, Chem. Eng. Sci., 46, 135 (1991)

[4] Bergheau JM, Fortunier R, 2008, Finite Element Simulation of Heat Transfer, Wiley-ISTE, London.

[5] Bousmina M, Qiu H, Grmela M, Klemberg-Sapieha JE, Macromolecules, 31(23), 8273 (1998)

[6] Chang PH, Teng TL, Comput. Mater. Sci., 29, 511 (2004)

[7] Colaluca MA, Earles LL, Malguarnera SC, Polym. -Plast. Technol. Eng., 20, 181 (1983)

[8] deCourcy DR, Atkinson JR, J. Mater. Sci., 12, 1535 (1977)

[9] Demarquette NR, Da Silva FT, Brandi SD, Gouvea D, Polym. Eng. Sci., 40(7), 1663 (2000)

[10] EL-Bagory TMAA, Sallam HEM, Younan MYA, Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech., 74, 164 (2014)

[11] Ezekoye OA, Lowman CD, Fahey MT, Hulme-Lowe AG, Polym. Eng. Sci., 38(6), 976 (1998)

[12] Farjoud A, Ahmadian M, Mahmoodi N, Zhang X, Craft M, Smart Mater. Struct., 20, 085013 (2011)

[13] Hatzikiriakos SG, Prog. Polym. Sci, 37, 624 (2012)

[14] Huang CC, Winkler RG, Sutmann G, Gompper G, Macromolecules, 43(23), 10107 (2010)

[15] Hybart FJ, White TR, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 3, 118 (1960)

[16] Islam MT, Archer LA, J. Polym. Sci. B: Polym. Phys., 39(19), 2275 (2001)

[17] Kennedy P, 1995, Flow Analysis of Injection Molds, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich.

[18] Kim YH, Wool RP, Macromolecules, 16, 1115 (1983)

[19] Kistler SF, Scriven LE, Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 4, 207 (1984)

[20] Leskovics K, Kollar M, Barczy P, Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process., 419, 138 (2006)

[21] Lewis RW, Nithiarasu P, Seetharamu KN, 2004, Fundamentals of the Finite Element Method for Heat and Fluid Flow, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., Chichester.

[22] Lide DR, 2010, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 90th ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton.

[23] Lin YG, Winter HH, Lieser G, Liq. Cryst., 3, 519 (1988)

[24] Mao W, Khayat RE, Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., 21, 1137 (1995)

[25] Matsoukas A, Mitsoulis E, J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech., 109(2-3), 231 (2003)

[26] Padding JT, Briels WJ, J. Chem. Phys., 118(22), 10276 (2003)

[27] Qiu H, Bousmina M, J. Rheol., 43(3), 551 (1999)

[28] Riahi M, Kooshayan K, Ghanati MF, Polym. -Plast. Technol. Eng., 50, 907 (2011)

[29] Rotella C, Tence-Girault S, Cloitre M, Leibler L, Macromolecules, 47(14), 4805 (2014)

[30] Shillitoe S, Day AJ, Benkreira H, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part E-J. Process Mech. Eng., 204, 95 (1990)

[31] Silliman WJ, Scriven LE, J. Comput. Phys., 34, 287 (1980)

[32] Wei H, 2009, Surface Tension Measurement of High Density Polyethylene and Its Clay Nanocomposites in Supercritical Nitrogen, M.S. Thesis, University of Waterloo.

[33] Wilhelm M, Chem. Eng. Process., 50(5-6), 486 (2011)

[34] Woo MW, Wong P, Tang Y, Triacca V, Gloor PE, Hrymak AN, Hamielec AE, Polym. Eng. Sci., 35(2), 151 (1995)

[35] Wood AS, Chem. Eng. Sci., 48, 3071 (1993)

[36] Wood AS, IMA J. Manag. Math., 7, 117 (1996)

[37] Wool RP, Yuan BL, McGarel OJ, Polym. Eng. Sci., 29, 1340 (1989)