Optimal separation of phenol from model oils by forming deep eutectic solvents with quaternary ammonium salts

Weiyang Tang; Lingling Liu; Guizhen Li; Tao Zhu; Kyung Ho Row

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.34, No.3, 814-821, March, 2017

DOI10.1007/s11814-016-0316-y Export Citation

Optimal separation of phenol from model oils by forming deep eutectic solvents with quaternary ammonium salts

Weiyang Tang, Lingling Liu, Guizhen Li¹, Tao Zhu^†, and Kyung Ho Row^{1, †}

Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
¹Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 402751, Korea

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Various quaternary ammonium salts are used to separate phenol from model oil by forming deep eutectic solvents (DESs). The results indicate that the types of quaternary ammonium salt ions and the molecular symmetry of quaternary ammonium have obvious influence on recovery for phenol. Tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC), which contains suitable ions and symmetry reveals highest phenol recovery in the model oil. The separation mechanism is discussed and the structures of DESs (TEAC/Phenol) are proved on Fourier transform infrared transform (FTIR). To recycle TEAC, diethyl ether is used as anti-solvent to precipitate TEAC from TEAC/Phenol system. The structure of regeneration TEAC is proved on FTIR and 1H NMR. The recovery for phenol is decreased from 97.45% to 14.30% with the increase of regeneration times. The optimal separation condition was obtained by response surface methodology at 30 °C (separation temperature) for 40 min (separation time) with 3.75 g TEAC (mass of TEAC) in 10 mL model oil (phenol recovery: 99.3%). In contrast to the traditional methods to separate phenol, this proposed method avoids the use of alkalis and acid, and with less effluent.

Keywords:Deep Eutectic Solvents;Separation;Phenol

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[Referenced By]

[1] Schobert HH, Song C, Fuel, 81(1), 15 (2002)

[2] Amen-Chen C, Pakdel H, Roy C, Biomass Bioenerg., 13(1-2), 25 (1997)

[3] Li J, Wang C, Yang Z, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 89, 218 (2010)

[4] Abbott AP, Capper G, Davies DL, Rasheedand RK, Tambyrajah V, Chem. Commun., 1, 70 (2003)

[5] Tang B, Zhang H, Row KH, J. Sep. Sci., 38, 1053 (2015)

[6] Kholiya F, Bhatt N, Rathod MR, Meena R, Prasad K, J. Sep. Sci., 38, 3170 (2015)

[7] Abbott AP, Capper G, Davies DL, Rasheed RK, Chem.-Eur. J., 10, 3769 (2004)

[8] Abbott AP, Capper G, Davies DL, Munro HL, Rasheed RK, Tambyrajah V, Chem. Commun., 19, 2010 (2001)

[9] Abbott AP, Capper G, Davies DL, Rasheed R, Inorg. Chem., 43(11), 3447 (2004)

[10] Abbott AP, Ttaib KE, Ryder KS, Smith EL, Trans. Inst. Met. Finish, 86, 234 (2008)

[11] Abbott AP, Capper G, McKenzie KJ, Glidle A, Ryder KS, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 8, 4214 (2006)

[12] Zhu AL, Jiang T, Han BX, Zhang JC, Xie Y, Ma XM, Green Chem., 9, 169 (2007)

[13] Abbott AP, Cullis PM, Gibson MJ, Harris RC, Raven E, Green Chem., 9, 868 (2007)

[14] Hayyan M, Mjalli FS, Hashim MA, AlNashef IM, Fuel Process. Technol., 91(1), 116 (2010)

[15] Pang K, Hou Y, Wu W, Guo W, Peng W, Marsh KN, Green Chem., 14, 2398 (2012)

[16] Gu T, Zhang M, Tan T, Chen J, Li Z, Zhang Q, Qiu H, Chem. Commun., 50, 11749 (2014)

[17] Li G, Zhu T, Lei Y, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 32(10), 2103 (2015)

[18] Xu H, Sun LP, Shi YZ, Wu YH, Zhang B, Zhao DQ, Biochem. Eng. J., 39, 66 (2008)

[19] Sun Y, Li T, Yan J, Liu J, Carbohydr. Polym., 80, 242 (2010)

[20] Wu Y, Cui SW, Tang JX, Food Chem., 105, 1599 (2007)

[21] Zhong K, Wang Q, Carbohydr. Polym., 80, 19 (2010)

[22] Zhu T, Row KH, Sep. Sci. Technol., 48(10), 1510 (2013)

[23] Kavitha V, Palanivelu K, Chemosphere, 55, 1235 (2004)

[24] Xiao D, Hines LG, Li SF, Bartsch RA, Quitevis EL, Russina O, Triolo A, J. Phys. Chem. B, 113(18), 6426 (2009)

[25] Golding J, Hamid N, MacFarlane DR, Forsyth M, Forsyth C, Collins C, Huang J, Chem. Mater., 13, 558 (2001)