Sr3B2SiO8:Eu3+ red phosphors were synthesized via conventional solid-state reaction method at low temperature. The crystal structure, luminescence properties, and concentration quenching mechanism were investigated via X-ray diffraction, structure refinement, and spectra analysis. The crystal structure of phosphors is an orthorhombic system, and the refinement cell parameters are a = 12.248 , b = 3.309 , and c = 5.384 . Under UV light excitation, the phosphors show narrow band emission centered near 611 nm. The other two emission peaks are located at 578 and 590 nm, respectively. Eu3+ ion-doped Sr3B2SiO8 samples show strong line emissions coming from the f-f transition mechanism, the critical distance for host emission to Eu3+ calculated by content quenching method is 6.56 , and the interaction (Q) from emission-centered ions calculated via Dexter mechanism is 5.85. Last but not least, bright red coordinations of (0.5208, 0.2584) indicate that the phosphor has potential application as the red component in white LEDs.