Journal of Molecular Catalysis A-Chemical, Vol.426, 516-525, 2017
Activated vs. pyrolytic carbon as support matrix for chemical functionalization: Efficient heterogeneous non-heme Mn(II) catalysts for alkene oxidation with H2O2
Two types of heterogeneous catalytic materials, Mn-II-L(3)imid@Cox and Mn-II-L(3)imid@PCox, have been synthesized and compared by covalent grafting of a catalytically active [Mn-II-L(3)imid] complex on the surface of an oxidized activated carbon (Cox) and an oxidized pyrolytic carbon from recycled-tire char (PCox). Both hybrids are non-porous bearing graphitic layers intermixed with disordered sp(2)/sp(3) carbon units. Raman spectra show that (I-D/I-G)(activatedcarbon) > (I-D/I-G)(pyrolyticcarbon) revealing that oxidized activated carbon(Cox) is less graphitized than oxidized pyrolytic carbon (PCox). The Mn-II-L(3)imid@Cox and Mn-II-L(3)imid@PCox catalysts were evaluated for alkene oxidation with H2O2 in the presence of CH3COONH4. Both showed high selectivity towards epoxides and comparing the achieved yields and TONs, they appear equivalent. However, Mn-II-L(3)imid@PCox catalyst is kinetically faster than the Mn-II-L(3)imid@Cox (accomplishing the catalytic runs in 1.5 h vs. 5 h). Thus, despite the similarity in TONs Mn-II-L(3)imid@PCox achieved extremely higher TOFs vs. Mn-II-L(3)imid@Cox. Intriguingly, in terms of recyclability, Mn-II-L(3)imid@Cox could be reused for a 2th run showing a similar to 20% loss of its catalytic activity, while Mn-II-L(3)imid@PCox practically no recyclable. This phenomenon is discussed in a mechanistic context; interlinking oxidative destruction of the Mn-complex with high TOF5 for Mn-II-L(3)imid@PCox, while the low-TOFs of Mn-II-L(3)imid@Cox are preventive for the oxidative destruction of the Mn-complex. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Mn(II) catalysts;Covalent immobilization;H2O2;Catalytic epoxidation;Activated;Pyrolytic carbon