This paper aims to emulate the IV characteristics of a multiple-substring photovoltaic (PV) module under nonuniform irradiance levels by taking into account the breakdown voltage of shaded cells, configurations of bypass diode connections, and cell temperatures. A suitable control scheme for the emulator's power stage significantly improves the performance of the emulator's output. As a result, this PV emulator proves to be capable of performing under various operating conditions of the PV module including uniform irradiation and nonuniform partial shading with great accuracy. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.