Journal of Physical Chemistry, Vol.99, No.38, 13909-13916, 1995
Group Contribution-Additivity and Quantum-Mechanical Models for Predicting the Molar Refractions, Indexes of Refraction, and Boiling Points of Fluorochemicals
Group contribution-additivity (GCA) and quantum mechanical (QM) models for estimating the molar refractions of fluorochemicals are proposed. The GCA model was developed using experimental refractive indices and densities, and the Lorentz-Lorenz electromagnetic correlation. The QM model was developed using the distortion polarizability (alpha>) term obtained from quantum mechanical calculations based on the PM3 Hamiltonian. The GCA model provides molar refractive contributions for 23 heterogeneous groups and atoms (e.g., R(F), R(H), C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I, C=O, NH2, OH, CH=C, CH=CH, CH2=C, CH=CF2, CF=CF2) and yields an absolute average error of less than 2% (n=100). The QM model, on the other hand, offers unlimited groups but requires knowledge of the alpha descriptor. Methods for acquiring alpha are provided. Both models have been successfully applied to the predictions of refractive index (n(D)) and the normal boiling point (T-b) of fluorochemicals, with average errors of less than 1% and 6%, respectively. The higher method error observed in the T-b model is attributed to errors introduced by T-b measurements at pressures slightly below 760 mmHg. The T-b model, nonetheless, provides accurate predictions of boiling point in the range between 30 and 230 degrees C.
Keywords:PERFLUOROCHEMICALS;MIXTURES