A novel enhanced hydrophobic MIL(Cr) metal-organic framework was obtained by using naphthalene dicarboxylic acid as ligand and its adsorption equilibrium, diffusion kinetics and competitive adsorption for benzene and water were investigated systematically. Results show that: (1) the MIL(Cr)-Z1 possessed similar crystal structure and morphology to the MIL(Cr)-101. It had high surface area of 3008 m(2)/g with smaller window apertures (6.9 A) and pore cages (23.3 A) than MIL(Cr)-101; (2) it had high benzene uptake of similar to 7.0 mmol/g with the isosteric heat of similar to 51 kJ/mol and high benzene diffusivity (30-40 times quicker than water molecules); (3) it showed an improved hydrophobic property with very low adsorbed amount for water vapor, only about 9.84 mmol/g and 13% of that on MIL(Cr)-101 at 80 RH% and 298 K; (4) breakthrough curves show that MIL(Cr)-Z1 had high working capacity for benzene, which was 58% higher than that of MIL(Cr)-101 at 60 RH%. Thus, high adsorption capacity and selectivity for benzene VOCs make enhanced hydrophobic MIL(Cr)-Z1 a promising candidate for benzene VOCs capture under high moisture environments. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.