China's power industry contributes around 40% CO2 emissions to the national total. The substitution of wind power for coal-fired power is crucial to the realization of CO2 emission reduction target in China. By deploying the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, this paper identifies that the carbon footprints of a representative coal fired plant and a wind farm in China are 810.35 g/kWh and 12.51 g/kWh respectively. Built on these results, the substitution capacities of wind power for coal-fired power to realize the CO2 emission reduction target in 2020 and 2030 are discussed. It is concluded that China's wind power needs to develop faster than the goal set in the 12th Five Year Renewable Energy Development Plan for achieving the target of 45% emission reduction in 2020. Moreover, the feasibility of the substitution of wind power for coal-fired power is analyzed. It is argued that whilst China has great potential to realize such substitution given its rich wind resources, the full realization of the substitution requires some radical reforms in the power sector in the country. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.