An efficient and green extractive catalytic oxidative desulfurization (ECODS) process is developed for diesel by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) oligomers, H2O2 and a phosphotungstate based poly ionic liquid (HPW-PIL) as extractant, oxidant and catalyst, respectively. The PEG oligomers with repeating glycol units of 0, 4 and 8 are de-termined as the best extractants among acetonitrile, methanol, DMF, [BMIM]BF4, and PEG-2000 with compre-hensive characteristics like non-toxicity, non-volatility, low cost, easy recycling, and good desulfurization performance. Benzothiophene (BT) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) in model oil can be removed completely within 2 h at the following conditions: PEG oligomer/oil = 0.2 (mass ratio), H2O2 usage of O/S = 20 (mole ratio), HPW-PIL catalyst/oil = 1/100 (mass ratio), at the temperature of 353 K. And the desulfurization ability of the present process can be retained as 99% even after six successive reuses without regeneration. Further, the S-content in real diesel can also be reduced from 110 to 9.3 ppm-S by the ECODS process followed by AlCl3 adsorption for the oxidized diesel. Meanwhile, the PEG extractant and the HPW-PIL catalyst can be facilely regenerated and recycled. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.