Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are highly conserved antioxidant enzymes and are implicated in multiple biological processes; however, their function in oocyte meiosis has not been studied. Here we show that inhibition of Prx I and II results in spindle defects, chromosome disorganization, and impaired polarization in mouse oocytes. Prx I was specifically localized at the spindle, whereas Prx II was enriched at the oocyte cortex and chromosomes. Inhibition of Prx activity with conoidin A disturbed assembly of the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) through Aurora A regulation, leading to defects in spindle formation. Moreover, conoidin A impaired actin filament and cortical granule (CG) distribution, disrupting actin cap and CG formation, respectively. Conoidin A also increased DNA damage without significantly increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, suggesting that the effects of conoidin A on meiotic maturation are not likely associated with ROS scavenging pathways. Therefore, our data suggest that Prxs are required for spindle assembly, chromosome organization, and polarization during meiotic maturation. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.