For the first time, we report the damping effect of a novel 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO)-based oligosiloxane abbreviated as DOPO-PMVS on methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ) elastomers. Designed DOPO-PMVS was synthesized by means of hydrophosphination reaction and studied by FT-IR, H-1 NMR, Si-29 NMR, P-31 NMR, and thermogravimetric analysis. The effect of added DOPO-PMVS on damping, mechanical, and thermal properties of VMQ elastomers before and after post-cure was then examined. Interestingly, the dynamic mechanical analysis data showed that the incorporation of 10 wt% DOPO-PMVS significantly improved the damping properties of VMQ elastomers from -20.5 to 200 A degrees C. The effect mechanism was attributed to the hydrogen bonding interactions exerted between DOPO-PMVS and silica. The break and recombination of hydrogen bonding caused by external force resulted in more dissipated energy and enhanced damping properties. Furthermore, the mechanical and thermal properties of VMQ/DOPO-PMVS elastomers were very practical for the application of damping silicon rubber.