Thin Solid Films, Vol.632, 10-16, 2017
Effect of proton irradiation on microstructural and magnetic properties of ferromagnetic Ni-Mn-Ga thin films
To explore the effect of proton irradiation on ferromagnetic Ni-Mn-Ga alloy, Ni54.5Mn26.3Ga19.2 thin films with the seven-layer modulated (7 M) martensite structure were prepared by magnetron sputtering and irradiated by protons with an energy of 3 MeV. The influence of proton irradiation on the microstructural and magnetic properties was investigated and discussed in detail. It is found that although nanoscale amorphous zones could be introduced by proton irradiation, the crystalline structure of the irradiated films retained the 7 M martensite structure according to X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy results. Moreover, the broad diffraction peak at 20 = 42.0 degrees for the unirradiated films is split into two peaks at diffraction angles of about 41.5 degrees and 42.2 degrees, and the peak at 47.2 degrees disappeared for the irradiated films. Regarding the magnetic properties, the irradiation- induced nanoscale amorphous defects may hinder the movement of magnetic domainwalls, causing increases in the coercivity (H-c) and remanence (M-r). In addition, irradiation-enhanced thermal ordering will play a dominant role in improving the ordering of incompletely annealed films, ultimately resulting in slight increases in saturation magnetization (M-s) and the Curie temperature (T-c). (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords:Nickel;Manganese;Gallium;Thin films;Sputtering;Proton irradiation;Microstructure;Magnetic properties;Amorphous zone;Transmission electron microscopy