De-chlorination and solidification of radioactive LiCl waste salt by using SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5 (SAP) inorganic composite including B2O3 component

Ki Rak Lee; Hwan-Seo Park; In-Hak Cho; Jung-Hoon Choi; Hee-Chul Eun; Tae-Kyo Lee; Seung Youb Han; Do-Hee Ahn

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, Vol.34, No.9, 2390-2396, September, 2017

DOI10.1007/s11814-017-0140-z Export Citation

De-chlorination and solidification of radioactive LiCl waste salt by using SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5 (SAP) inorganic composite including B2O3 component

Ki Rak Lee^†, Hwan-Seo Park, In-Hak Cho, Jung-Hoon Choi, Hee-Chul Eun, Tae-Kyo Lee, Seung Youb Han, and Do-Hee Ahn

Nuclear Fuel Cycle Process Development Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), 111 Daedeok-daero 989, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34057, Korea

E-mail:

SAP (SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5) composite has been recently studied in KAERI to deal with the immobilization of radioactive salt waste, one of the most problematic wastes in the pyro-chemical process. Highly unstable salt waste was successfully converted into stable compounds by the dechlorination process with SAPs, and then a durable waste form with a high waste loading was produced when adding glassy materials to dechlorination product. In the present study, U-SAP composite which is SAP bearing glassy component (Boron) was synthesized to remove the adding and mixing steps of glassy materials for a monolithic wasteform. With U-SAPs prepared by a sol-gel process, a series of wasteforms were fabricated to identify a proper reaction condition. Physical and chemical properties of dechlorination products and U-SAP wasteforms were characterized by XRD, DSC, SEM, TGA and PCT-A. A U-SAP wasteform showed suitable properties as a radioactive wasteform such as dense surface morphology, high waste loading, and high durability at the optimized U-SAP/salt ratio 2.

Keywords:Immobilization;SiO2-Al2O3-P2O5;Dechlorination;Vitrification;Radioactive Waste

[References]

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[1] Choi JH, Eun HC, Park HS, Ahn DH, JNFCWT, 13, 76 (2015)

[2] Eun HC, Choi JH, Lee TK, Cho IH, Kim NY, Yu JU, Park HS, Ahn DH, JNFCWT, 13, 181 (2015)

[3] Choi JH, Eun HC, Lee KR, Cho IH, Lee TK, Park HS, Ahn DH, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 434, 79 (2016)

[4] Lee HS, Oh GH, Lee YS, Kim IT, Lee JH, J. Nucl. Sci. Technol., 46, 392 (2009)

[5] Harrison MT, Simms HE, Jackson A, Lewis RG, Radiochin. Acta, 96, 295 (2008)

[6] Lewis MA, Fischer DF, Smith LJ, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 79, 2826 (1993)

[7] Luo JS, Zyryanov VN, Ebert WL, American Ceramic Society, Westerville, OH, U.S.A., 477 (2001).

[8] Frank SM, Barber TL, DiSanto T, Goff KM, Johnson SB, Jue JF, Noy M, O’Holleran TP, Sinkler W, Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA, U.S.A., 487 (2002).

[9] Meltcalfe BL, Donald IW, J. Non-Cryst. Mater., 348, 225 (2004)

[10] Leturcq G, Grandjean A, Rigaud D, Perouty P, Charlot M, J. Nucl. Mater., 347, 1 (2005)

[11] Bekaert E, Montagne L, Palavit G, Delevoye L, Kunegel A, Wattiaux A, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 352, 4112 (2006)

[12] Park HS, Kim IT, Kim HY, Ryu SK, Kim JH, Envrion. Sci. Technol., 41, 1345 (2007)

[13] Park HS, Kim IT, Cho YJ, Eun HC, Kim JH, Envrion. Sci. Technol., 41, 7536 (2007)

[14] Park HS, Kim IT, Cho YZ, Eun HC, Lee HS, Envrion. Sci. Technol., 42, 9357 (2008)

[15] Park HS, Cho IH, Eun HC, Kim IT, Cho YZ, Lee HS, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 1932 (2011)

[16] Cho IH, Park HS, Ahn SN, Kim IT, Cho YZ, J. Kor. Rad. Waste Soc., 10(1), 45 (2012)

[17] Ahn SN, Park HS, Cho IH, Kim IT, Cho YZ, J. Kor. Rad. Waste Soc., 10(1), 27 (2012)

[18] Standard test methods for determining chemical durability of nuclear, hazardous, and mixed waste glasses and multiphase glass ceramics: The Product Consistency Test (PCT), C 1285-02, ASTM international, West Conshohocken, PA (2008).

[19] Riley BJ, Crum JV, Matyas J, McCloy JS, Lepry WC, J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 95(10), 3115 (2012)

[20] Riley BJ, Rieck BT, McCloy JS, Crum JV, Sundaram SK, Vienna JD, J. Nucl. Mater., 424, 29 (2012)

[21] Vance ER, Davis J, Olufson K, Chiroi I, Karatchevtseva I, Farnan I, J. Nucl. Mater., 420, 396 (2012)

[22] Pires R, Abrahms I, Nunes TG, Hawkes GE, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 337, 1 (2004)

[23] Dhara A, Mishra RK, Shukla R, Valsala TP, Sudarsan V, Tyagi AK, Kaushik CP, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 447, 283 (2016)

[24] McCloy J, Washton N, Gassmand P, Marcial J, Weaver J, Kukkadapu R, J. Non-Cryst. Solids, 409, 149 (2015)

[25] Jantzen CM, Bibler NE, Beam DC, Crawford CL, Pickett MA,...WSRC-TR-92-346. Savannah River Site, Aiken, SC (1993).

[26] Ebert WL, Wolf SF, Round-Robin Testing of a Reference Glass for Low-Activity Waste Forms, ANL-99-22, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois (1999).

[27] Lee WE, Ojovan MI, Stennett MC, Hyatt NC, Adv. Appl. Ceram., 105, 1 (2006)