Well-designed hierarchical nanostructured composites consisting of one dimensional cobalt fibers and thin tin disulfide nanosheets were successfully synthesized for the first time through a hydrothermal method. The SnS2 nanosheets were uniformly grown onto the Co fibers and were almost perpendicular to the Co fibers. The composites as one kind anode materials exhibited more remarkable lithium ion storage properties than SnS2 nanosheets. The composites exhibited a capacity of 500.5 mA h/g after 100 cycles even at 1000 mA/g. The improved electrochemical performance could be assigned to the Co fiber substrate support, which could provide short lithium ion and electron pathways, alleviate large volume expansion, contribute to the capacity, and offer mechanical stability for the anode electrode. This special designing perhaps could lay a foundation for the preparation of high performance lithium ion battery anode materials. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Inc.