Pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF) is a multifunctional extracellular protein. In addition to its known anti-angiogenic and neurotrophic roles in collagen rich tissues, PEDF is thought to be involved in collagen fibril assembly due to its sequence specific binding to the collagen fibril and high expression in regions of active bone formation. In order to image the presence of the protein on the fibrils, PEDF was recombinantly made with a strep tag (strep-PEDF) and then gold nanoparticles conjugated to streptavidin (Au-NP) were used as a secondary tag. The gold nanoparticles were detected using phase imaging in tapping mode AFM to image where exogenous PEDF bound in rabbit femur. These findings demonstrate that PEDF binds heterogeneously in cortical rabbit femur. Exogenous PEDF binding was concentrated at areas between microstructures with highly aligned collagen fibrils. Binding was not observed on or within the collagen fibrils themselves. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.