Developing advanced membranes with high separation performance and robust mechanical properties is critical to the current water crisis. Herein, a general and scalable fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs)@reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membranes with significantly expanded nanochannels meanwhile ordered laminar structures using in situ synthesized NPs@rGO nanosheets as building blocks is reported. Size- and density-controllable NPs were uniformly grown on the regularly stacked rGO nanosheets through coordination, followed by filtration-deposition on inner surface of porous ceramic tubes. The NPs bonded rGO building blocks enabled the as-prepared membranes 1-2 orders of magnitudes higher water permeance than the counterparts while keeping excellent rejections for various organic matters and ions. Moreover, the industrially preferred GO-based tubular membrane exhibited an extraordinary structural stability under high-pressure and cross-flow process of water purification, which is considered as a notable step toward realizing scalable GO-based membranes. (C) 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers