Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, Vol.56, No.44, 12644-12654, 2017
Magnetic Lyogels for Uranium Recovery from Wet Phosphoric Acid
The work introduces composite magnetic materials designed to capture uranium from wet-process phosphoric acid (WPA) containing 6 M H3PO4, 2% H2SO4, sodium fluoride, and metal salts of Fe(III) and The materials include poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) covalently modified with N,N-diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC) or O,O-diethyldithiophosphate (DEDTP) moieties by nucleophilic substitution of the >C-Cl bonds of PVC. To maintain the polymer processability, the maximum substitution degree was kept below 42%. The modified PVC formed stable organic gel (lyogel) materials with liquid uranium extractants such as di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (DEHPA) or a liquid mixture of trialkylphosphine oxides, Cyanex 923. To impart the magnetic recoverability to the lyogels, iron nanoparticles 9 (20-50 nm) coated by carbon for chemical stability were incorporated. The resulting 1 magnetic lyogels contain variable contents of liquid extractants, maintain particle shape, exhibit very low leaching of the extractants, and are chemically stable in extremely corrosive acidic environments. Kinetics of uranium capture and equilibrium sorption capabilities of the magnetic lyogels have been evaluated. The lyogels are readily recovered by a magnet and recycled without any loss of the material. Efficient uranium stripping from the lyogels is enabled by 1 M aqueous ammonium carbonate. Lyogel recyclability and reuse were demonstrated in at least three cycles of the uranium loading and recovery.