The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) sampling technique for uncertainty quantification in chemical engineering systems. Three systems (a mixing tank, a wastewater treatment plant, and a ternary distillation column, all subject to uncertainty) were considered. The expected values of the systems' observables were estimated using MLMC, Power Series and Polynomial Chaos expansions, and standard Monte Carlo (MC) sampling. The MLMC technique achieved results of significantly greater accuracy than other methods at a lower computational cost than standard MC. This study highlights the nuances of adapting the MLMC technique to chemical engineering systems and the advantages of using MLMC for uncertainty quantification. (C) 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers