The kinetics of the pyrolysis of solid organic polymers by their heating with a gas or a metal melt have been studied. The design features of a small-sized pyrolysis unit for organic polymers have been determined. The pyrolysis process on this unit has been experimentally substantiated. The specifics of the processes of "conventional" pyrolysis in the gaseous heat carrier and the pyrolysis of organic polymers in a lead melt have been revealed. It has been shown that the resulting pyrolysis liquid can be used as a feedstock for the production of the expensive organic solvent limonene or synthetic oil similar in properties to domestic crude oil.