화학공학소재연구정보센터
Solar Energy, Vol.162, 109-116, 2018
Improvement of Ga distribution in Cu(In, Ga)(S, Se)(2) film by pretreated Mo back contact
In the two-step selenization process, Ga accumulation near back contact is a common problem, resulting in a lower band gap near front surface and then lower open circuit voltage (V-OC) of solar cell. In this work, Ga accumulation in Cu(In, Ga)(S, Se)2 (CIGSSe) film was weakened by pre-sulfurized and selenized (PSS) Mo back contacts. The sputtered dense Mo back contacts were sulfurized and selenized at different temperatures before Cu-In-Ga precursor deposition. Raman results show that MoS2, MoSe2 and pure Se phases were formed on the PSS Mo surface. These selenide and sulfide phases will become the bottom Se and S sources in the structure of PSS Mo/metal precursor during selenization process. The thermodynamic calculation confirms the bottom S and Se sources are effective. SIMS measurement shows the Ga back grading in CIGSSe films decreases when the PSS Mo back contacts are used. For higher substrate temperature (T-sub) we find reduced steepness of the Ga back gradient. The S atomic percentage in CIGSSe is so small that the band gaps of CIGSSe are mainly determined by the Ga/(Ga + In) distribution. Therefore, the band gap in the space charge region (SCR) of solar cell increased when PSS Mo was used. As expected, V-OC increased about 10 mV when T-sub, increased to 600 degrees C. Due to the enhancement of V-OC and fill factor (FF), the conversion efficiencies (eta) of solar cells was improved.