The significant growth of composite materials employed in a wide range of advanced technological systems increased their potential use in applications where they can be exposed to fire. By reducing the number of large-scale tests, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) became a useful tool for the design and development of structures and materials undergoing fire conditions. Therefore, to properly reproduce the fire behavior, numerical models require several input parameters, especially for thermophysical and kinetic properties. To this end, thermal analysis were carried out on three carbon reinforced composites selected for their potential applicability in the aeronautical field for high temperature conditions and fire protection. The thermoplastic resin polyether-ketone ketone (PEKK), belonging to the polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family, which is known for its high-temperature stability, is studied and compared with two thermosetting resins: a classic phenolic and a fire improved epoxy. The former is well known and already used as thermal protection whereas the latter could be used as ablative protection for internal thermal insulation. Thermophysical properties such as specific heat, density and thermal diffusivity have been measured from ambient temperature to 1000 degrees C on cured solid samples, directly cut from large panels. The thermal conductivity is then estimated from these experimental results. The higher thermal performance of the carbon-PEKK compared to the two thermosetting-based composites is demonstrated. Despite the highest density, it presents a higher decomposition temperature. Moreover, the thermal conductivity does not seem sensitive to the decomposition of the resin.